Cartilage progenitor cells combined with PHBV in cartilage tissue engineering

Abstract

Background Bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) and chondrocytes have been reported to present “dedifferentiation” and “phenotypic loss” during the chondrogenic differentiation process in cartilage tissue engineering, and cartilage progenitor cells (CPCs) are novel seeding cells for cartilage tissue engineering. In our previous study, cartilage progenitor cells from different subtypes of cartilage tissue were isolated and identified in vitro, but the study on in vivo chondrogenic characteristics of cartilage progenitor cells remained rarely. In the current study, we explored the feasibility of combining cartilage progenitor cells with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) to produce tissue-engineered cartilage and compared the proliferation ability and chondrogenic characteristics of cartilage progenitor cells with those of bone marrow-derived stem cells and chondrocytes. Methods These three cells combined with PHBV were cultured in vitro for 1 week without chondrogenic induction and then transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice for 6 weeks. The cell-PHBV constructs were evaluated by gross observation, histological staining, glycosaminoglycan content measurement, biomechanical analysis and RT-PCR. Results The chondrocyte-PHBV constructs and CPC-PHBV constructs became an ivory-whitish cartilage-like tissue, while the BMSC-PHBV constructs became vascularized 6 weeks after the subcutaneous implantation. Histological examination showed that many typical cartilage structures were present in the chondrocyte group, some typical cartilage structures were observed in the CPC group, while no typical cartilage structures were observed in the BMSC group. Conclusions Cartilage progenitor cells may undergo chondrogenesis without chondrogenic induction and are better at chondrogenesis than BMSCs but worse than chondrocytes in the application of cartilage tissue engineering.

Differential Production of Cartilage ECM in 3D Agarose Constructs by Equine Articular Cartilage Progenitor Cells and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

“…Therefore, their use in cell-based therapies could be a potential solution for some of the problems that cartilage regeneration therapies have been struggling with in the past [ 15 ]. ACPCs have already been tested in animal models and a pilot clinical study in humans has already been performed [ 12 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Nevertheless, the knowledge regarding these promising cells is still limited.…”

Pathomechanisms of Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis: Chondrocyte Behavior and Fate in a Precarious Environment

“…Due to the still limited lifespan of the prosthetic devices and an increased risk for a revision surgery in younger patients [167], arthroplasty is often not appropriate for PTOA patients, which have an approximately 10-year earlier need for joint replacement as compared to other OA patients [80], emphasizing the urgent need for novel treatment strategies. Despite of the growing trend in regenerative medicine, including cell-based approaches, such as autologous-chondrocyte implantation (ACI) [168], injections of MSC or MCS-derived exosomes [169,170], as well as tissue engineering, combining cells, biomimetic matrices and bioactive components [171][172][173][174], this review will primarily focus on current pharmacological approaches allowing modulation of chondrocyte's behavior and fate.…”

Hypoxic ADSCs-derived EVs Promote the Proliferation and Chondrogenic Differentiation of Cartilage Stem/progenitor Cells

“…The external ears of experimental rabbit were obtained and cut into small pieces as previously reported [30]. The isolated chondrocytes obtained from the auricular cartilage slices by digestion with (0.2% w/v) collagenase II were cultured in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 U/ml penicillin, and 100 U/ml streptomycin.…”