Cartilage adhesive and mechanical properties of enzymatically crosslinked polysaccharide tyramine conjugate hydrogels

Abstract

Using a home‐built tensile tester, adhesion and mechanical properties of injectable enzymatically crosslinkable hydrogels were determined by placing the hydrogels in between cartilage surfaces. Dextran–tyramine (Dex‐TA) and hyaluronic acid–tyramine (HA‐TA) conjugates as well as a 50/50 composite material of these polysaccharide conjugates were tested. To integrate the injectable hydrogels with the cartilage tissue, pretreatment of the tissue with a Dex‐TA conjugate solution strongly improved the adhesion. Only failure of the crosslinked hydrogel was observed and not at the hydrogel–tissue interface. Moduli of a Dex‐TA hydrogel are higher than those of a HA‐TA hydrogel, whereas the ultimate strain of the HA‐TA hydrogel was at least three times higher. The Dex‐TA/HA‐TA hydrogel has similar storage and elastic moduli as the Dex‐TA gel and also an ultimate strain of ~30%, similarly as found for the HA‐TA gel. The controlled biodegradability and gelation time of the Dex‐TA/HA‐TA hydrogel, the developed method for strong tissue adhesion of the gel particularly in comparison with fibrin glue, makes this material applicable as an injectable hydrogel for tissue regeneration applications. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Weak bond-based injectable and stimuli responsive hydrogels for biomedical applications

“…These modifications for gelation typically include thiol-ene chemistry, EDC/NHS coupling reaction, photo-initiated polymerization and enzymatic oxidation. 107–110 Several recent reviews overviewed such modifications on natural polyelectrolytes for biomedical applications. 23, 39 …”

Enzymatically Crosslinked Ulvan Hydrogels as Injectable Systems for Cell Delivery

“…[ 19 ] Dextran, alginate, and hyaluronic acid represent so far the most investigated polysaccharides involved in the preparation of in situ gelling precursors containing tyramine. [25][26][27][28][29][30] To the best of our knowledge this strategy has never been applied on sulphated polysaccharides of algal origins. In the present study ulvan was selected as a model material due to the abundance of the Ulva sp biomass used as source of the polysaccharide and its reported bioactivity.…”

Dextran oxidized by a malaprade reaction shows main chain scission through a maillard reaction triggered by schiff base formation between aldehydes and amines

“…Many researchers have focused on tuning these properties by modifying polysaccharides . For example, a degradable ester bond was introduced at the crosslink point in dextran hydrogel (prepared via click chemistry) to facilitate biodegradation and enzymatic crosslinking between tyramine‐modified polysaccharides was performed to enhance the mechanical properties of the polysaccharides . To enhance cytocompatibility, cell‐adhesion peptide sequences such as Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RDG) have been introduced .…”