Carrion ecology modelling for vulture conservation: are vulture restaurants needed to sustain the densest breeding population of the<scp>A</scp>frican white‐backed vulture?

Kane, Adam; Jackson, Andrew L.; Monadjem, Ara; Colomer, M. Angels; Margalida, Antoni

doi:10.1111/acv.12169

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…The bearded vulture, an obligate avian scavenger characterized by energy-efficient foraging flight, exploits large areas in search of unpredictable carcasses3435363738. Individual breeding status and the temporally variable food requirements (more meat is required during the chick-rearing period39) could explain the differences in the use of space.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal movements in Pyrenean bearded vultures (Gypaetus barbatus): Integrating movement ecology into conservation practice

Margalida

Pérez‐García

Afonso³

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Understanding the movement of threatened species is important if we are to optimize management and conservation actions. Here, we describe the age and sex specific spatial and temporal ranging patterns of 19 bearded vultures Gypaetus barbatus tracked with GPS technology. Our findings suggest that spatial asymmetries are a consequence of breeding status and age-classes. Territorial individuals exploited home ranges of about 50 km2, while non-territorial birds used areas of around 10 000 km2 (with no seasonal differences). Mean daily movements differed between territorial (23.8 km) and non-territorial birds (46.1 km), and differences were also found between sexes in non-territorial birds. Daily maximum distances travelled per day also differed between territorial (8.2 km) and non-territorial individuals (26.5 km). Territorial females moved greater distances (12 km) than males (6.6 km). Taking into account high-use core areas (K20), Supplementary Feeding Sites (SFS) do not seem to play an important role in the use of space by bearded vultures. For non-territorial and territorial individuals, 54% and 46% of their home ranges (K90), respectively, were outside protected areas. Our findings will help develop guidelines for establishing priority areas based on spatial use, and also optimize management and conservation actions for this threatened species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal movements in Pyrenean bearded vultures (Gypaetus barbatus): Integrating movement ecology into conservation practice

Margalida

Pérez‐García

Afonso³

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…There are accurate population estimates for all of these species in Swaziland, aside from the jackal, whose population we estimated from values recorded elsewhere Klare et al 2010). We used estimates from the literature to parameterize carcass size distributions, gut capacity, speed, and cost of foraging and body mass (Del Hoyo and Elliot 1994;Nowak 1999;Mukherjee et al 2004;Ruxton and Houston 2004;Holekamp and Dloniak 2010;Duriez et al 2014;Kane et al 2015). We compared the results of this model to the observed level of scavenging for each of these species.…”

Section: Extant Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Size as a Driver of Scavenging in Theropod Dinosaurs

Kane

Healy²,

Ruxton³

et al. 2016

The American Naturalist

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Online enhancements: appendix. Dryad data: http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.650c5.abstract: Theropod dinosaurs dominated Earth's terrestrial ecosystem as a diverse group of predators for more than 160 million years, yet little is known about their foraging ecology. Maintaining a balanced energy budget presented a major challenge for therapods, which ranged from the chicken-sized Microraptor up to the whalesized Giganotosaurus, in the face of intense competition and the demands of ontogenetic growth. Facultative scavenging, a behavior present in almost all modern predators, may have been important in supplementing energetically expensive lifestyles. By using agentbased models based on the allometric relationship between size and foraging behaviors, we show that theropods between 27 and 1,044 kg would have gained a significant energetic advantage over individuals at both the small and large extremes of theropod body mass through their scavenging efficiency. These results were robust to rate of competition, primary productivity, and detection distance. Our models demonstrate the potential importance of facultative scavenging in theropods and the role of body size in defining its prevalence in Mesozoic terrestrial systems.

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“…Given that the observed changes in nesting numbers may be largely explained by the prevailing poisoning-related mortality, there is an urgent need to ensure implementation of the Multi-species Action Plan (Botha et al 2017) in this region. Through monitoring and eradication of poison use, or provision of safe food, survival might be enhanced (Kane et al 2015), offsetting the decline rate. It is also vital that the population receive continued monitoring to understand whether the declines and the change in breeding productivity indicated by this study are a true reflection of the population trends.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in nesting numbers and breeding success of African White-backed Vulture Gyps africanus in north-central Botswana

Leepile

Maude

Hancock

et al. 2020

Bird Conservation International

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Summary African White-backed Vultures were recently uplisted to ‘Critically Endangered’ by IUCN due to declines across their range. Poisoning is widely accepted as the major reason for these declines. Botswana supports a high number of this species (breeding pairs > c.1,200), but as yet no published information exists on their breeding success in the country. However, mass poisonings within Botswana and neighbouring countries have killed thousands of White-backed Vultures in recent years. We therefore expected that nesting numbers may have declined in this region if these poisoning events killed local breeding birds. We used information from aerial surveys conducted between 2006 and 2017 in Khwai and Linyanti, two important breeding areas for this species in north-central Botswana, to determine if there was any change in nesting numbers and breeding success of White-backed Vultures. Results showed an overall 53.5% decline in nesting numbers, with a greater decline in Linyanti than in Khwai. In both areas, breeding success was significantly lower in 2017 than it was 10 ten years earlier. We recommend that similar repeat surveys are continued to provide greater confidence in the trends of both nesting numbers and breeding performance. Population viability analysis suggested that if the productivity levels detected in 2017 were a true indication of current productivity levels for this population, and if recent high poisoning rates continue, this population could be extirpated from the area in the next 13 years.

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Carrion ecology modelling for vulture conservation: are vulture restaurants needed to sustain the densest breeding population of theAfrican white‐backed vulture?

Cited by 26 publications

References 33 publications

Spatial and temporal movements in Pyrenean bearded vultures (Gypaetus barbatus): Integrating movement ecology into conservation practice

Spatial and temporal movements in Pyrenean bearded vultures (Gypaetus barbatus): Integrating movement ecology into conservation practice

Body Size as a Driver of Scavenging in Theropod Dinosaurs

Changes in nesting numbers and breeding success of African White-backed Vulture Gyps africanus in north-central Botswana

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