Carrier Volume and Nozzle Effect on 2,4-D and Glufosinate Performances in Hazelnut Sucker Control

Abstract

Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) basal sprouts, or suckers, are removed to train trees as a single trunk, facilitating mechanization. Suckers are routinely controlled with herbicides, often by using nozzles that generate fine droplets and spray volumes as high as 934 L·ha−1, making spray drift a concern. Spray nozzle type and carrier volume can impact herbicide efficacy and drift. Field studies compared the efficacy of 2,4-D and glufosinate in controlling suckers when applied with a flat-fan nozzle, producing fine droplets, to a TeeJet air-induction nozzle, producing ultra-coarse droplets. These nozzles were evaluated at 187 and 374 L·ha−1. Nozzle and carrier volume did not affect the efficacy of 2,4-D based on control, sucker height, or dry weight. The efficacy of glufosinate was unaffected by nozzle type or spray volume in most evaluations. These results indicate that hazelnut suckers can be effectively controlled using drift-reduction nozzles with lower carrier volumes (187 L·ha−1). Drift-reduction nozzles, coupled with lower spray volume, can maintain herbicide efficacy, minimize drift risk, and reduce cost.

Distribution, characterization and chemical management of noxious shrub weed (Dichapetalum stuhlmannii Engl) in cashew in southeastern Tanzania

“…The activities of Auxin mimic (Indole-3- Acetic Acid) and leaf epicuticular penetrant are effective during pre and early mature leaves, due to the presence of high IAA and less thick cuticle with varying the chemical composition of leaf [ [58] , [59] , [60] ]. However, it is less effective on weed leaves and roots during both matured and blooming growth stages, which is attributed by low activity of IAA and thick epicuticle wax [ 53 , 59 , 61 ].…”

Droplet Deposition and Efficacy of Real-Time Variable-Rate Application of Herbicides at Reduced Dose in Winter Wheat Fields

“…Nozzle size or type [15][16][17] and spraying volume [18][19][20][21] have a key impact on the atomization performance of herbicide solution, determining the number of droplets deposited on target weeds and ultimately influencing the efficacy of herbicides [22][23][24]. In particular, the nozzle is an important component in intelligent spraying machines that ensure spraying quality.…”

Hazelnut abscission is delayed by simulated drift of 2,4-D

“…Hazelnut growers are significant and frequent users of 2,4-D, with growers reporting an average of three applications per season to 59% and 52% of the bearing hectares in 1991 and 1999, respectively (USDA-NASS 2023). The most common use of 2,4-D in hazelnut is for sucker control, and it may be applied up to four times per season (Anonymous 1996; Larocca de Souza and Moretti 2020). Regionally, 2,4-D and other auxinic herbicides like dicamba are also used in several other crops, including more than 160,000 ha of grass grown for seed in the Willamette Valley.…”