Carrier-dependent temporal processing in an auditory interneuron

Sabourin, Patrick; Gottlieb, Heather; Pollack, Gerald S.

doi:10.1121/1.2897025

Cited by 14 publications

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References 32 publications

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“…However, the response profiles differ: the pulse filter exhibits a tuning to the pulse period and is limited by the duty cycle (Tschuch, 1977;Hennig, 2009), whereas the chirp filter exhibits mostly a duty cycle preference over a various combinations of durations and pauses (Fig.3). The limitation by the duty cycle sets the different limits of temporal resolution for both filters: 4-8ms for the pulse filter (Marsat and Pollack, 2004;Sabourin et al, 2008) and ca. 40-80ms for the chirp filter (Fig.1D).…”

Section: Properties Of the Chirp Filter And Comparison With The Pulsementioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory processing at two time scales by the cricketGryllus bimaculatus

Grobe

Rothbart

Hanschke

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYThe acoustic display of many cricket species consists of series of pulses grouped into chirps, and thus information is distributed over both short and long time scales. Here we investigated the temporal cues that females of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus used to detect a chirp pattern on a longer time scale than the fast pulse pattern. First, over a range of chirp and pause durations (100-400ms), the duty cycle of the chirp pattern emerged as the most important cue for detection. The songs of males showed a distribution at lower duty cycles than preferred by females. The duty cycle also limited the responses of females at very short durations and pauses (below 80ms). Second, by systematic variation of pulse and chirp periods of stimuli, an intermediate response field emerged that revealed the best responses of female crickets to patterns with amplitude modulations on both short and long time scales. On average, females also responded weakly to stimuli that contained amplitude modulations of only one time scale. Third, test patterns were constructed by addition of modulation frequencies rather than rectangular pulses. These tests showed that female crickets processed the chirp pattern in the time domain and tolerated noise levels up to a modulation depth of 50%. The combined evidence from all three approaches indicated inhibitory effects of unattractive patterns on both time scales. The fusion of short and long time scales during auditory processing by female crickets corresponded to a weighted ANDlike operation of two processing modules, the pulse and the chirp filter.

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Section: Properties Of the Chirp Filter And Comparison With The Pulsementioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory processing at two time scales by the cricketGryllus bimaculatus

Grobe

Rothbart

Hanschke

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A third interneuron, omega neuron 1 (ON1), responds robustly to both cricketlike and batlike sound frequencies. It encodes, in the timing of action potentials, only cricketlike AM rates for low-carrier-frequency stimuli, but it encodes a broader, batlike range of AM rates for ultrasonic stimuli (Marsat and Pollack 2004;Sabourin et al 2008).The interneurons just referred to receive excitatory input from primary sensory neurons, of which there are about 65 in each ear. About three quarters of these are tuned to cricketlike sound frequencies, but these comprise two distinct anatomical groups, only one of which (denoted "MT") has terminal processes in the same region as the dendrites of ON1 ( It can be expected that the coding properties of the interneurons will be affected by several factors, including their intrinsic properties and the characteristics of synaptic transmission from afferents, as well as by the coding characteristics of receptor neurons and the dynamic relationships within the populations of afferents impinging on common targets.…”

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confidence: 99%

Temporal Coding by Populations of Auditory Receptor Neurons

Sabourin

Pollack

2010

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Sabourin P, Pollack GS. Temporal coding by populations of auditory receptor neurons. J Neurophysiol 103: 1614 -1621, 2010. First published January 13, 2010 doi:10.1152/jn.00621.2009. Auditory receptor neurons of crickets are most sensitive to either low or high sound frequencies. Earlier work showed that the temporal coding properties of first-order auditory interneurons are matched to the temporal characteristics of natural low-and high-frequency stimuli (cricket songs and bat echolocation calls, respectively). We studied the temporal coding properties of receptor neurons and used modeling to investigate how activity within populations of low-and high-frequency receptors might contribute to the coding properties of interneurons. We confirm earlier findings that individual low-frequencytuned receptors code stimulus temporal pattern poorly, but show that coding performance of a receptor population increases markedly with population size, due in part to low redundancy among the spike trains of different receptors. By contrast, individual high-frequency-tuned receptors code a stimulus temporal pattern fairly well and, because their spike trains are redundant, there is only a slight increase in coding performance with population size. The coding properties of low-and high-frequency receptor populations resemble those of interneurons in response to low-and high-frequency stimuli, suggesting that coding at the interneuron level is partly determined by the nature and organization of afferent input. Consistent with this, the sound-frequency-specific coding properties of an interneuron, previously demonstrated by analyzing its spike train, are also apparent in the subthreshold fluctuations in membrane potential that are generated by synaptic input from receptor neurons. I N T R O D U C T I O NThe temporal structures of sensory signals often carry behaviorally important information and this is particularly evident in communication systems. For example, in many acoustically communicating animals, including birds, frogs, insects, and humans, information such as the species and individual identity of the signaler, or the signal's "message" (e.g., speech; Shannon et al. 1995), is carried by features such as the durations of sounds and of the intervals between them (Bradbury and Vehrencamp 1998). Sensory neurons are often tuned to these behaviorally relevant temporal features; they may respond most strongly to these features (rate code) or the structure of their spike trains may capture most accurately the timing of these stimulus components (time code; Pollack and Krahe 2009).Two classes of sound stimuli are particularly important for the behavior of crickets: conspecific songs and echolocation calls of insectivorous bats. Both types of stimulus consist of series of discrete sounds (sound pulses), but they differ in tempo. Pulse rates in echolocation calls span a wide range, increasing from 5 to 10 Hz when the bat is searching for a target to Ͼ100 Hz during the final approach to the prey (Jones and Rydell 2003). By contrast, ...

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“…Many naturally occurring sounds are modulated in amplitude or frequency; important examples include speech and other conspecific communication signals in mammals, birds, marine species, and even insects (Bailey, Greenfield, & Shelly, 1993;Brillet & Paillette, 1991;Coscia, Phillips, & Fentress, 1991;Dankiewicz, Helweg, Moore, & Zafran, 2002;Dear, Simmons, & Fritz, 1993;Fant, 1970;Huber & Thorson, 1985;Klump & Langemann, 1992;Pickett, 1980;Robisson, Aubin, & Bremond, 1993;Ryan & Wilczynskin, 1988;Saberi & Perrott, 1999;Sabourin, Gottlieb, & Pollack, 2008;Simmons, 1979). Because amplitude-and frequency-modulated (AM and FM) sounds are the building blocks of complex sounds, understanding how the auditory system encodes these signals has important practical and theoretical implications (Kay, 1982;Moore & Sek, 1992;Saberi, 1998).…”

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Detection of spatial cues in linear and logarithmic frequency-modulated sweeps

Hsieh

Saberi

2009

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics

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Frequency-and amplitude-modulated (FM and AM) sounds are the building blocks of complex sounds. In the present study, we investigated the ability of human observers to process spatial information in an important class of FM sounds: broadband directional sweeps common in natural communication signals such as speech. The stimuli consisted of linear or logarithmic unidirectional FM pulses that swept either up or down in frequency at various rates. Spatial localization thresholds monotonically improved as sweep duration decreased and as sweep rate increased, but no difference in performance was observed between logarithmic and linear or between upand down-frequency sweeps. Counterintuitive reversals in localization were observed which suggested that the localization of high-frequency sweeps may be strongly dominated by amplitude information even in situations in which one might consider timing cues to be critical. Implications of these findings for the localization of complex sounds are discussed.

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Carrier-dependent temporal processing in an auditory interneuron

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

Auditory processing at two time scales by the cricketGryllus bimaculatus

Auditory processing at two time scales by the cricketGryllus bimaculatus

Temporal Coding by Populations of Auditory Receptor Neurons

Detection of spatial cues in linear and logarithmic frequency-modulated sweeps

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