Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children under five years of age prior to pneumococcal vaccine introduction in Southeast Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2001–2019)

Daningrat, Wa Ode Dwi; Amalia, Hafsah; Ayu, Ira Marti; Satzke, Catherine; Safari, Dodi

doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2021.08.002

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Although all participants who had a chronic and/or severe pathology were excluded, as well as those who had used antibiotics in the 7 days preceding sampling or during medical attendance, the possibility that the involvement of sick children led to a higher prevalence of S. pneumoniae carriage in this study cannot be excluded. However, it is reasonable to assume that the nasopharyngeal carriage rate of S. pneumoniae during the first days of acute respiratory infection was comparable to that in healthy children, as has been shown previously ( Loughlin et al., 2014 ; Usonis et al., 2015 ; Daningrat et al., 2022 ). Fourth, due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the frequent interruption of sampling, it was not possible to draw firm conclusions about seasonal fluctuation and the prevalence of nasopharyngeal colonization of S. pneumoniae .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in children under 5 years of age at an outpatient healthcare facility in Novi Sad, Serbia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Petrović¹,

Milosavljevic²,

Djilas³

et al. 2022

IJID Regions

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in children under 5 years of age at an outpatient healthcare facility in Novi Sad, Serbia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Petrović¹,

Milosavljevic²,

Djilas³

et al. 2022

IJID Regions

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“…Higher pneumococcal carriage rates (up to 90%) were reported in many resource-limited countries with low vaccination coverage [9]. Streptococcal carriage in this study was, however, comparable to some in midincome countries against higher rates (65%-48%) in low-income nations [28]. Many past studies in India observed high nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization with SP [29].In Nigeria by 2016 carriage prevalence had reduced from 21 to 12% as childhood (<5 years) vaccine coverage rose from 7 to 84% [30].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Streptococcus pneumoniae Nasopharyngeal Colonization and Antibiogram of Isolates from Paediatric Population in Enugu, South East Nigeria

Eleazar,

Udoh,

Madaukor

et al. 2024

IJPR

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Aims: This research aimed to evaluate and identify Streptococcus pneumoniae from nasopharynx samples of children and carry out antibiotic susceptibility assay on the isolates; being that pneumococci is well noted as a significant cause of invasive pneumonia in infants with the challenge of antibiotic resistance, which may worsen due to the emergence of such strains among children population. Methodology: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted between March and September 2023 in the Nsukka area of Enugu. Samples were collected from 100 children population using sterile swab sticks. These were inoculated unto blood and chocolate agar and then incubated at 37o C, morphological and biochemical characteristics were used for identification. An antimicrobial susceptibility test using the disk diffusion method was performed on isolates. The multi-discs used were pefloxacin 10ug, Gentamicin 10ug, Ampiclox 30ug, Cefuroxime 20ug, Amoxacillin 30ug, Ceftriazone 25ug, Ciprofloxacin 10ug, and Streptomycin 30ug, Co-tirmoxazole 30ug, and, Erythromycin 10ug. Results: The results identified 8.0% of pediatric with pneumococcal carriage. Males were 10.0% while females were 5.0%. The age distributions were as follows: 0-5 years 4(8.7%), 6-10 years 1(3.1%), 11-15 years, 3(13.6%). There was no significant difference in the age range distribution of the pneumococci colonization (p=0.074). There was 66.7% sensitivity rate of S. pneumonia. The resistant rates were 75% each to Ampiclox and Amoxicillin. Cefuroxime was 87.5% resistant.

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“…In Thailand, Indonesia and India, the overall carriage rates were 35.9%, 49.5% and 54.5%, respectively [18][19][20]. A meta-analysis performed from studies conducted in southeast Asia showed that the pooled prevalence of NP carriage in healthy children under 5 years of age was 36.0% (95% CI: 34.2%-37.8%) [21].The overall NP carriage in our study was higher than that reported from other regions in China. Earlier studies of NP carriage in Beijing, Shanghai and Chongqing indicated that the overall carriage rates were 22%, 16.6% and 16.6%, respectively [22][23][24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and serotype distribution of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy children under 5 years old in Hainan Province, China

Wang,

Qiu,

Bai

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background The thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) is not included in the national immunization program and administered voluntarily with informed consent in China. In preparation for assessing the impact of pilot introduction in Hainan Province, we conducted a carriage study among children under 5 years old from four regions in Hainan Province. Methods In 2022, nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs collected from healthy children were tested for pneumococcus using conventional culture. Pneumococcal isolates were serotyped using the Quellung reaction. Risk factors associated with pneumococcal colonization were assessed using univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age, daycae attendance and other factors. Result Pneumococcus was isolated in 710 (30.4%) of the 2333 children enrolled. Of 737 pneumococci, 29 serotypes were identified; 60.9% were PCV13 serotypes; the most common were 6B (20.4%), 19F (13.04%), 6A (11.9%) and 23F (6.1%); and the most common non-vaccine serotypes were 23A (12.9%), 34 (6.08%) and nontypeable (NT) pneumococci (5.6%). Children vaccinated with PCV13 had lower carriage (17.7% vs 32.5%; P=0.0001) and fewer were PCV13-type (41.9% vs 62.7%; P=0.0017) compared to unimmunized children. After adjustment, NP carriage was higher among children attending daycae and those with siblings; living in urban areas, mothers who had completed senior high/technical secondary school and completion of 3-4 doses of PCV13 were associated with a lower carriage rate. Conclusions We established the baseline of pneumococcal carriage, serotype distribution and PCV13 immunization rates among healthy children under 5 years old in Hainan Province, prior to the introduction of PCV13 into national immunization. The high proportion of PCV13 serotype suggests that PCV13 introduction will likely have substantial impact on pneumococcal carriage in Hainan Province.

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Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children under five years of age prior to pneumococcal vaccine introduction in Southeast Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2001–2019)

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in children under 5 years of age at an outpatient healthcare facility in Novi Sad, Serbia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in children under 5 years of age at an outpatient healthcare facility in Novi Sad, Serbia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Streptococcus pneumoniae Nasopharyngeal Colonization and Antibiogram of Isolates from Paediatric Population in Enugu, South East Nigeria

Prevalence and serotype distribution of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy children under 5 years old in Hainan Province, China

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