Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Review of Literature

Genova, Alessia; Dix, Olivia; Saefan, Asem; Thakur, Mala; Hassan, Abbas M.

doi:10.7759/cureus.7333

Cited by 171 publications

(215 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The issue of rehabilitation of the carpal tunnel syndrome is often discussed in the literature [14,15,16,17]. The cause of carpal tunnel is very diverse with most cases being of idiopathic origin [18]. The origin of CTS in the patient in e presented study is unknown; however, the determining factor in this case could be the woman's work as a waitress during which she may have suffered local pressure in the wrist canal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Impact of physical therapy on the condition of a patient with carpal tunnel syndrome and Raynaud’s disease

Kobryńska¹,

Zalewska²,

Gałczyk³

et al. 2021

Med Og Nauk Zdr.

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Introduction. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common mononeuropathy that causes median nerve damage at the level of the carpal tunnel. Wrist overload associated with repeated fast movements, often requiring the forced position of the body which loads the wrist joints, is considered to be the most important cause in the formation of CTS. This disease significantly affects patients' manual skills and limits their daily activities. The use of the best treatment methods can increase the quality of life of CTS people. Correctly performed assessment of the patient's functional condition allows both the planning, implementation and improvement process, as well as control of the progress of this process. The treatment method for CTS depends on the type, duration and severity of the discomfort. Raynaud's syndrome is a vasomotor disorder which occurs mostly due to the influence of physicochemical or emotional stimuli. It is observed in 3-15% of the general population, more often among women. The primary character is called Raynaud's disease, while the secondary is known as Raynaud's syndrome. Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of classical physical therapy on the condition of a patient with carpal tunnel syndrome and Raynaud's disease. Materials and method. The method of an individual case description was used. The study involved a 36-year-old woman diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome and Raynaud's disease. The material was collected by means of an interview, DASH questionnaire, VAS pain scale and two functional tests: the Phanel and Tinnel tests. Description of the individual case study was based on an interview and physical examination performed before and after rehabilitation. Results. Considering the subjective assessment of the achieved improvement after the treatment, the patient noticed a slight decrease in the intensity of pain and numbness, both during the day and at night. The respondent also reported a slight improvement in the function of the upper limbs and improved freedom during some everyday activities. Conclusions. Physiotherapeutic procedures slightly reduced the numbness of both the day and night pain. Despite only a few treatments, the patient noticed a slight improvement which confirms that they were correctly selected and should be continued. During the next physiotherapeutic procedure, kinesitherapy should be introduced.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Impact of physical therapy on the condition of a patient with carpal tunnel syndrome and Raynaud’s disease

Kobryńska¹,

Zalewska²,

Gałczyk³

et al. 2021

Med Og Nauk Zdr.

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“…CTS is a common complication of DRA (dialysis-related amyloidosis), and it is recognized as the most evident marker of DRA development in MHD patients. CTS could lead to disability (thenar eminence muscles atrophy and finger dysfunction) and reduced the quality of life (hand pain, numbness and sleeping disorder) in MHD patients [ 22 , 23 ]. The incidence of CTS in MHD patients is 8–32% [ 4 , 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus and carpal tunnel syndrome in hemodialysis patients: a single center cross-sectional study

Shen

Yuan

et al. 2020

Renal Failure

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Objectives: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common complication in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and leads to disabilities and increased risk of mortality. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with inflammatory and oxidative stress, and HCV infection can be cured. This study aimed at evaluating the association of HCV infection with CTS. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, anthropometric and laboratory data were collected. Serum b 2-microglobulin, HCV antibody and HCV-RNA were measured. CTS was diagnosed according to clinical manifestation, electrophysiological test or ultrasonography. The related factors for CTS were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: This study included 113 participants, of whom 33 (29.2%) patients were positive for HCV antibody and 18 (15.9%) were positive for HCV antibody and HCV-RNA. Thirty-two (28.3%) patients were diagnosed with CTS. There were significant differences in the dialysis vintage, age of onset of MHD, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, serum b 2 M, anti-HCV-positive, HCV-RNA-positive, HCV load values and urine volume category between the CTS group and non-CTS group (p < 0.05). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (OR: 1.238, 95% CI: 1.071-1.431, p ¼ 0.004), dialysis vintage (OR: 1.017, 95% CI: 1.008-1.026, p < 0.001) and HCV-RNA-positive (OR: 5.929, 95% CI: 1.295-27.132, p ¼ 0.022) rather than anti-HCV-positive were related factors for CTS. Conclusions: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, dialysis vintage and HCV-RNA replication but not previous HCV-infection were related factors for CTS in MHD patients. Further studies are needed to clarify whether intervention is beneficial for preventing and delaying the progression of CTS in MHD patients with HCV-RNA replication.

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“…It is caused due to median nerve compression mostly beyond the distal wrist crease [ 2 ]. Mechanical trauma, increased pressure, and ischemic damage to the median nerve within the carpal tunnel constitute the pathophysiology of CTS [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posterior Border Distance: An Effective Diagnostic Measurement for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography

Meriç

Başdelioğlu

Yanık

et al. 2020

Cureus

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The purpose of this study was to define posterior border distance (PBD), which represents an ultrasonographic diagnosing method of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), and to determine the reliability of PBD in comparison with electromyography (EMG) results. Methods Thirty-three patients (mean age: 51.8 ± 9.5 years; 27 females and six males) with CTS were included in this study. Ultrasonography (US) and EMG were performed under blinded conditions. PBD was evaluated by measuring the length of the perpendicular line between the posterior border of the median nerve and the line between the hook of the hamate and trapezoid tubercle. The cross-sectional area, anteroposterior (AP), and transverse diameter of the median nerve were measured. Control US was performed in 20 patients who were available at the first year postoperative follow-up and the results compared with preoperative US values. Correlation analyzes were performed to determine the relationship between electrodiagnostic results and ultrasonographic measurements. Results According to the results of preoperative and postoperative first-year US, there were statistically significant differences in the results of PBD (preoperative: 3.309±1.7472 mm, postoperative: 2.290±0.7867 mm p: 0.013) and AP diameter of the median nerve (preoperative: 3.012±0.7865 mm, postoperative: 2.680±0,5578 mm p: 0.017). There was no statistically significant difference in transverse diameter (preoperative: 6.585±1.9505 mm, postoperative: 6.955±2.2128 mm) and cross-sectional area (preoperative: 14.33±6.513 mm 2 , postoperative: 11.20±5.830 mm 2) results (p>0.05). The cutoff value of PBD was ≥3.6 mm, it yielded 81.48% specificity and 83.33% sensitivity in the diagnosis of CTS. PBD was correlated with motor and sensory latency, anteromedial, and transverse diameter of the median nerve (p<0.05). There was no correlation between EMG values and the results of the cross-sectional area, transverse diameter, and AP diameter of the median nerve (p>0.05). Conclusion PBD is suggested as a reliable ultrasonographic measurement method for the diagnosis of CTS.

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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Review of Literature

Cited by 171 publications

References 25 publications

Impact of physical therapy on the condition of a patient with carpal tunnel syndrome and Raynaud’s disease

Impact of physical therapy on the condition of a patient with carpal tunnel syndrome and Raynaud’s disease

Hepatitis C virus and carpal tunnel syndrome in hemodialysis patients: a single center cross-sectional study

Posterior Border Distance: An Effective Diagnostic Measurement for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography

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