Carotid wall inertial index increase is related to intima-media thickening in hypertensive patients

Gamero, Lucas G.; Levenson, Jaime; Armentano, Ricardo L.; Graf, Sebastián; Brandani, Laura; Simon, Alain; Baglivo, Hugo

doi:10.1097/00004872-199917121-00007

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Considering wall viscosity as a pressure-independent parameter of VSM status, 7 as well as C Iso 39 and W St(Iso) , we would be able to conclude that the different viscous behaviors (and energy dissipation) found in HT and HT-treated are determined by intrinsic changes in the arterial wall. The present results are supported by those from other studies reporting that ramipril reduces hypertrophy of VSM cells, 20 and increases deposition of elastin while reducing collagen 34 and also confirm previous works from us in which a strong relationship between IMT and viscosity, 18 as well as IMT and inertia, 40 was demonstrated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Smart Damping Modulation of Carotid Wall Energetics in Human Hypertension

et al. 2006

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Damping is the conversion of mechanical energy of a structure into thermal energy, and it is related to the material viscous behavior. To evaluate the role of damping in the common carotid artery (CCA) wall in human hypertension and the possible improvement of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, we used noninvasive CCA pressure (tonometry) and diameter (B-mode echography) waveforms in normotensive subjects (NT group; n=12) and in hypertensive patients (HT group; n=22) single-blind randomized into HT-placebo (n=10) or HT-treated (ramipril, 5 to 10 mg/d during 3 months; n=12). Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) null tonus condition was achieved from in vitro pressure and diameter waveforms (Konigsberg microtransducer and sonomicrometry) measured in explanted human CCA (n=14). Arterial wall dynamics was described by viscous (eta), inertial (M), and compliance (C) parameters, mean circumferential wall stress, viscous energy dissipation (WD), peak strain energy (WSt), damping ratio (xi=WD/WSt), and modeling isobaric indexes CIso and WSt(Iso). The lack of VSM tonus isobarically increased wall stress and reduced eta, CIso, and damping (P<0.01). Wall stress, eta, and WD were greater in HT than in NT (P<0.015) and arrived near normal in HT-treated (P<0.032 respect to HT), with no changes in HT-placebo. Whereas CIso increased in HT-treated (P<0.01) approaching the NT level, xi did not vary among groups. During hypertension, because of the WSt increase, the arterial wall reacts increasing WD to maintain xi. ACE inhibition modulates VSM activation and vessel wall remodeling, significantly improving wall energetics and wall stress. This protective vascular action reduces extra load to the heart and maintains enhanced arterial wall damping.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Smart Damping Modulation of Carotid Wall Energetics in Human Hypertension

et al. 2006

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“…The correlation between OSA-related hypoxemia and CCA-IMT was independently of AHI, indicating that hypoxia could represent an independent risk factor for arterial wall lesions [14]. Importantly, their patients had several comorbidities other than tobacco smoking (47.3% arterial hypertension, 18% dyslipidaemia and 17.4% diabetes mellitus) that can influence the progression of IMT [37-39]. However, after adjustment for confounding factors, the correlation between IMT and severity of OSA remained significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There Evidence of Early Vascular Disease in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Without Known Comorbidities? Preliminary Findings

Steiropoulos

Bogiatzi²,

Archontogeorgis³

et al. 2013

TOCMJ

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We evaluated early atherosclerotic lesions in 20 non-smokers with newly diagnosed Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) and without known comorbidities by measuring common carotid artery intima media thickness (CCA-IMT), transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD), and ankle brachial index (ABI). These were compared with 20 healthy age- and BMI-matched controls. In OSA patients, CCA-IMT was not significantly higher vs. controls (0.74±0.17 vs. 0.66±0.12 mm, p=0.201) and it was positively correlated with neck circumference (r=0.466, p=0.039), arousal index (r=0.663, p=0.001), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity (r=0.474, p=0.035) while it was negatively correlated with Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 sec (r=-0.055, p=0.012). No difference was noted between patients and controls in terms of vascular stenosis on TCD examination, while asymptomatic peripheral artery disease was found in one patient with OSA. In conclusion, OSA patients without known comorbidities exhibit a non-significant increase in CCA-IMT without further evidence of vascular disease, but additional experience in a larger patient series is needed.

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“…Optimal positioning of the dimensional gauges was assessed by an oscilloscope (model 465B, Tektronix, Richardson, TX, U.S.A.), according to the specifications of the sonomicrometer operator manual (Triton Technologies). This is a technique that was used both in in vivo (5–7) and in vitro (4) measurements by our group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A computerized procedure was used to determine the pressure–diameter loop and to calculate the mechanical parameters using an original system developed in our laboratory (5–7). A linear autoregressive with exogenous input model (ARX) was used to fit the data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Differences in Vein Wall Dynamics Under Arterial Hemodynamic Conditions: Comparison With Arteries

et al. 2006

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Factors that explain the different results among veins, and causes of the superior performance of vein grafts for small arterial reconstructions, remain unclear. The aim was to compare the biomechanical behavior of veins and arteries from different regions and sizes under arterial conditions. In vitro pressure and diameter were measured in four different veins and three different ovine arteries. A diameter-pressure transfer function was designed, and compliance, viscous, and inertial indexes, and viscous energy and buffering function were calculated. Regional differences in vein mechanical behavior and energy dissipation were found. Veins and arteries vary in mechanical properties and buffering, but the differences were lesser when considering the smallest artery. The differences among veins' viscosity, compliance, and energy dissipation, but not in the buffering capability, could be related to different performances of veins when used as arterial grafts. The major biomechanical matching could contribute to explain veins with better results in small arteries reconstruction.

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Carotid wall inertial index increase is related to intima-media thickening in hypertensive patients

Abstract: Wall inertia increase was associated with a higher IMT, suggesting that the intima-media thickening might be partially related to vascular hypertrophy manifested as increase of inertial behaviour.

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Smart Damping Modulation of Carotid Wall Energetics in Human Hypertension

Smart Damping Modulation of Carotid Wall Energetics in Human Hypertension

Is There Evidence of Early Vascular Disease in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Without Known Comorbidities? Preliminary Findings

Regional Differences in Vein Wall Dynamics Under Arterial Hemodynamic Conditions: Comparison With Arteries

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