Carotid endarterectomy in female patients

Abstract

Female sex per se does not represent an adjunctive risk factor during CEA, with early and long term results comparable to those obtained in male patients. However, in our study we found subgroups of female patients at higher surgical risk, requiring careful intra- and postoperative management.

Female and Obese Patients Might Have Higher Risk from Surgical Repair of Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis

“…20 Some articles showed that female sex brings no higher risk; however, subpopulation of female patients who have peripheral occlusive disease, diabetes, and coronary disease are at higher risks, whereas for males, diabetes is the only risk. 21 Also in the Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy versus Stenting Trial, risks of CAS were even higher compared with CEA in female patients. Some other articles showed opposite.…”

Gender-related outcomes in the endovascular treatment of infrainguinal arterial obstructive disease

“…11,12 In the everyday practice, it is well recognized that the treatment of vascular lesions in women, particularly if they are diabetics, is often challenging and technically demanding, requiring skill and experience to treat them uneventfully.…”

Gender-related risk factors for perioperative stroke after carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients

“…31 Some authors emphasize that female sex alone is not an adjunctive risk factor for poor outcome after CEA in comparison to male patients, however subgroups of female patients at ahigher surgical risk can be distinguished -with contralateral occlusion or diabetes. 32 The idea that certain medical and angiographic characteristics have potential value in determining the perioperative risk in CEA has been discussed. [5][6][7] The risk factor profiles obtained from the NASCET database included the presence of a hemispheric vs retinal TIA, leftsided procedure, contralateral carotid occlusion, ipsilateral ischemic lesion on CT scans, irregular or ulcerated including all patients, regardless of their sex, showed that those with ischemic heart disease and AHA type VI carotid atherosclerotic plaque are at a higher risk for periprocedural stroke.…”