Carotid artery plaque thickness is associated with increased serum calcium levels: The Northern Manhattan study

Rubin, Mishaela R.; Rundek, Tatjana; McMahon, Donald J.; Lee, Hye Seung; Sacco, Ralph L.; Silverberg, Shonni J.

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.08.027

Cited by 92 publications

(72 citation statements)

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“…(40) However, serum calcium and/or phosphate concentrations have been associated with increased carotid artery plaque thickness (1) and increased incidence of cardiovascular events and death in large retrospective (3,4) and prospective cohorts (2,41) in the general population. Primary hyperparathyroidism is another condition with increased serum calcium concentrations and has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events and death, (5,6) although evidence for increased vascular calcification is inconsistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationships between vascular calcification, calcium metabolism, bone density, and fractures

Wang

Bolland

Pelt

et al. 2010

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Factors involved with calcium metabolism, such as serum calcium and phosphate and calcium intake, have been associated with vascular disease in different populations. We investigated whether this association is mediated via increased vascular calcification by assessing relationships between these factors and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and coronary artery calcification (CAC). A total of 1471 healthy postmenopausal women participated in a 5-year randomized, placebo-controlled trial of calcium 1 g/day, and 323 healthy middle-aged and older men participated in a 2-year randomized, placebo-controlled trial of calcium 600 or 1200 mg/day. AAC was assessed on vertebral morphometric images at baseline and follow-up. Based on computed tomography, 163 men had CAC assessed, on average, 1.5 years after study completion. In elderly women, AAC was positively related to serum calcium (p < .001), phosphate (p ¼ .04), and the calcium-phosphate product (p ¼ .003), but changes in AAC over time and incidence of cardiovascular events were not related to these variables. In middle-aged men, AAC and CAC were not consistently related to these variables. Neither dietary calcium intake nor calcium supplementation was associated with changes in the prevalence of AAC over time, and calcium supplementation also was not related to CAC scores in men. After adjusting for age, AAC was not associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) at baseline, changes in BMD over time, or fracture incidence. CAC also was not related to baseline BMD. In summary, serum calcium and phosphate are associated with AAC in older women, but dietary calcium intake and calcium supplementation were not associated with changes in AAC over 2 to 5 years. ß

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serum calcium concentrations are positively associated with increased carotid artery plaque thickness (1) and with increased incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) and death. (2)(3)(4) An increased risk of cardiovascular events and death also has been reported in primary hyperparathyroidism, a condition in which serum calcium is elevated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between vascular calcification, calcium metabolism, bone density, and fractures

Wang

Bolland

Pelt

et al. 2010

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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“…A high calcium diet has been shown to increase serum calcium concentrations [46]. Calcium concentrations, in turn, have been positively associated with mineralization of vascular smooth muscle [48], carotid artery plaque thickness [49], and coronary artery disease burden [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium and vitamin D intakes may be positively associated with brain lesions in depressed and nondepressed elders

2008

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Studies indicate that diet and vascular calcification may be related to the occurrence of brain lesions, although the importance of dietary calcium and vitamin D has not been investigated. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that calcium and vitamin D intakes would be positively associated with brain lesion volumes in elderly individuals with and without late-life depression. A cross sectional study was performed as part of a longitudinal clinical study of late-life depression. Calcium and vitamin D intakes were assessed in 232 elderly subjects (95 with current or prior depression, 137 without depression) using a Block 1998 food frequency questionnaire. Calcium, vitamin D, and kilocalorie intake were determined. Brain lesion volumes were calculated from magnetic resonance imaging scan. Subjects were age 60 years or over. Calcium and vitamin D intakes were significantly and positively correlated with brain lesion volume (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). In two separate multivariable models, controlling for age, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, group (depression/comparison), lesion load (high/low), and total kilocalories, these positive associations remained significant (p<0.05 for calcium; p < 0.001 for vitamin D). In conclusion, calcium and vitamin D consumption were associated with brain lesions in elderly subjects, even after controlling for potentially explanatory variables. These associations may be due to vascular calcification or other mechanism. The possibility of adverse effects of high intakes of calcium and vitamin D needs to be further explored in longitudinal studies of elderly subjects.

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“…[17] Recently, the clinical implications of increased calcium levels in CVD have extended into the normal ranges after findings of functional and structural changes in the vasculature. [11] Previous studies reported that high normal calcium levels are associated with greater pulse wave velocity in 9165 Chinese subjects, [18] carotid plaque thickness in 1194 multiethnic subjects, [19] and increased risk of left ventricular hypertrophy in 833 Chinese diabetic subjects. [20] Recent data from a longitudinal study of 1507 middle-aged Japanese men, which found changes in brachialankle pulse wave velocity during a 3-year follow-up period, further highlight the possibility that increased serum calcium may be involved in the pathogenesis of atherothrombosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of serum calcium concentrations with fibrinogen and homocysteine in non-diabetic Korean subjects

Kim¹,

Moon²,

Han³

2016

EJEA

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Considerable evidence shows that increased serum calcium levels are associated with metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, and increased mortality. This study investigated whether serum calcium, within a normal range, is significantly associated with serum fibrinogen and homocysteine, markers of increased cardiovascular disease risk in nondiabetic Korean subjects.A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 1096 subjects (mean age, 55.1 ± 11.1 years; 36.1% women) undergoing a general health checkup. Serum biochemistry was analyzed including serum albumin-corrected calcium (Ca c ), insulin resistance (IR, using homeostasis model assessment [HOMA]), fibrinogen, and homocysteine.Compared with patients within the lowest Ca c quartile, those with higher Ca c levels had increased fibrinogen and homocysteine levels as well as an increased proportion of smoking, dyslipidemia, and HOMA-IR. Correlation analyses revealed linear relationships for Ca c with fibrinogen and homocysteine in both genders. After adjustment for confounding factors, serum Ca c was significantly associated with high fibrinogen (odds ratio [OR] for the highest vs the lowest quartile = 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09-2.83, P = 0.02) and homocysteine (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.07-3.11, P = 0.027). Multivariate regression models showed that Ca c was linearly associated with fibrinogen (standardized b = 0.14, P < 0.001) and homocysteine (standardized b = 0.07, P = 0.009).High normal calcium concentrations were independently associated with increased levels of fibrinogen and homocysteine. Further investigation is needed to validate whether slightly increased calcium levels within the normal range indicate a higher risk of cardiovascular disease.Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index, BP = blood pressure, Cac = serum albumin-corrected calcium, CI = confidence interval, CRP = C-reactive protein, CV = cardiovascular, CVD = cardiovascular disease, FPI = fasting plasma insulin, GFR = glomerular filtration rate, HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA = homeostasis model assessment, IR = insulin resistance, LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, MDRD = modification of diet in renal disease, OR = odds ratio, PTH = parathyroid hormone, ROS = reactive oxygen species, SNP = single nucleotide polymorphism, TC = total cholesterol, TG = triglycerides, TXA2 = thromboxane A2, WC = waist circumference.

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Carotid artery plaque thickness is associated with increased serum calcium levels: The Northern Manhattan study

Abstract: Serum calcium levels in a multi-ethnic population of older men and women were positively associated with carotid plaque thickness, a powerful early predictor of clinical coronary and cerebrovascular events.

Cited by 92 publications

References 40 publications

Relationships between vascular calcification, calcium metabolism, bone density, and fractures

Relationships between vascular calcification, calcium metabolism, bone density, and fractures

Calcium and vitamin D intakes may be positively associated with brain lesions in depressed and nondepressed elders

Association of serum calcium concentrations with fibrinogen and homocysteine in non-diabetic Korean subjects

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