Carotenoid‐deficient maize seedlings fail to accumulate light‐harvesting chlorophyll <i>a/b</i> binding protein (LHCP) mRNA

Mayfield, Stephen P.; Taylor, William C.

doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1984.tb08433.x

Cited by 236 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Among these differentially regulated genes, ninety-three encode chloroplast-destined proteins, with thirty-four genes being up-regulated and fifty-nine down-regulated (Supplemental information, Table S2). This significant change in gene expression for chloroplast proteins is consistent with the severely retarded development of the plastids (Figure 7), and with a previous report that nuclear encoded photosynthetic genes were repressed in bleached carotenoid-deficient mutant [33]. At least 26 pathways were found to be light-regulated in Arabidopsis [27].…”

Section: The Pds3 Mutation Affects Expression Of About 1/10 Of Genes supporting

confidence: 70%

Disruption of phytoene desaturase gene results in albino and dwarf phenotypes in Arabidopsis by impairing chlorophyll, carotenoid, and gibberellin biosynthesis

et al. 2007

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Section: The Pds3 Mutation Affects Expression Of About 1/10 Of Genes supporting

confidence: 70%

Disruption of phytoene desaturase gene results in albino and dwarf phenotypes in Arabidopsis by impairing chlorophyll, carotenoid, and gibberellin biosynthesis

et al. 2007

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“…In normal daylight, maize seedlings germinated and grown in the presence of 100 Mm norflurazon (Sandoz 9789) fail to accumulate either Chl or carotenoids (15,18,23,25). These seedlings also fail to accumulate any of the major chloroplast proteins found in normal green seedlings (15).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under either low-fluence or far-red growth conditions, chloroplast development appears normal, with carotenoid-deficient chloroplasts showing the ultrastructure typical of normal chloroplasts grown in low light (5,18,30). We (25) have recently shown that a further effect of photooxidative damage is that cytoplasmic mRNA for the LHCP IIV fails to accumulate.…”

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confidence: 98%

The Fate of Chloroplast Proteins during Photooxidation in Carotenoid-Deficient Maize Leaves

Mayfield¹,

Nelson²,

Taylor³

1986

Plant Physiol.

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Maize seedlings, treated with the herbicide norflurazon to produce a deficiency in carotenoid pigments, were grown in low-fluence-rate light. Under these conditions, which induced chlorophyll biosynthesis while minimizing photooxidation, carotenoid-deficient seedlings showed identical patterns of chloroplast protein accumulation compared with normal seedlings. Carotenoid pigments thus play no direct role in regulating the accumulation of chloroplast proteins. When shifted to high-fluence-rate light, chlorophyll was rapidly photooxidized in carotenoid-deficient seedlings. Chloroplast proteins showed varying degrees of sensitivity to photooxidation. The P-700 apoprotein of photosystem I was rapidly degraded. Most stromal and thylakoid proteins either decreased progressively in photooxidative conditions or appeared to be unaffected. The relative quantity of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding protein of photosystem II increased significantly in the first few hours of highfluence-rate light. It then appeared to be only minimally affected 18 hours after complete photooxidation of chlorophyll.Nuclear mutations which completely block the accumulation ofcarotenoid pigments exhibit a wide range ofpleiotropic effects.

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“…mRNAs coding for Cab failed to accumulate in high light-grown, carotenoid-deficient plants. This reduction in Cab mRNA, related to photobleaching, has been reported for maize (Zea mays) (27,37), barley (Hordeum vulgare) (8), and mustard (Sinapis alba) (31). Furthermore, Cab gene transcription measured in isolated nuclei also decreased in barley and maize (8,37).…”

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confidence: 86%

“…Normal mRNA levels were found in NF-treated, carotenoid-deficient plants grown in low light (8,31), indicating that the presence of NF or absence of carotenoids per se did not prevent Cab mRNA accumulation. Moreover, since Chl-deficient mutants of barley and maize were found to have normal amounts of Cab mRNAs (8,27), lack of Chl also does not appear to be responsible for absence ofthese transcripts.…”

mentioning

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Light Effects on Several Chloroplast Components in Norflurazon-Treated Pea Seedlings

Sagar¹,

Horwitz²,

Elliott³

et al. 1988

Plant Physiol.

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Changes occurring in several chloroplast components during Norflurazon-induced photobleaching of Pisum sativum seedlings were investigated. mRNA steady state levels of the chlorophyll a/b-binding protein of photosystem II, ferredoxin I, the small and large subunits of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, and pEA214 and pEA207, two other lightresponsive genes, were determined during chlorophyll photooxidation. Relative transcription rates were assayed in isolated nuclei. The results illustrate a complex set of interactions regulating expression of the nuclear and chloroplast genomes. Photobleaching was found to affect the expression of the various genes in different ways. While transcript levels of the chlorophyll a/b-binding protein decreased by more than 80% under photooxidative light conditions in carotenoid-deficient peas, levels of ferredoxin, the small and large subunits of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, and pEA214 mRNAs were reduced by less than 50%. pEA207 mRNA levels, on the other hand, were resistant to the effects of photobleaching. Analyses of chlorophylls a and b and the chlorophyll al b-binding protein suggest that accumulation of the protein and its mRNA are coordinated with chlorophyll abundance at several steps. In addition to post-transcriptional regulation at the level of mRNA and protein stability, there may exist coordination at the transcriptional stage.Since most (>80%) chloroplast proteins are nuclear encoded (14), the nuclear and chloroplast genomes must coordinate gene expression to bring about normal development of a green plant. The messenger RNAs of the nuclear-encoded chloroplast proteins are translated on cystosolic ribosomes and transported into the plastid where they are incorporated into the photosynthetic machinery. The nuclear-chloroplast interaction can be studied both during greening ofetiolated tissue and by the use ofmutants lacking Chl. In addition, one can study plants that are blocked in carotenoid biosynthesis either because of mutations or due to growth in the presence of herbicides such as Norflurazon [NF4; 4-chloro-5-(methylamino)-2-(a,a,a-trifluoro-m-tolyl)-3(2H)-pyridazinone] (7). In the absence of protecting carotenoids in these plants, high light intensities cause "bleaching" of the green parts(1, 19).

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Carotenoid‐deficient maize seedlings fail to accumulate light‐harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein (LHCP) mRNA

Cited by 236 publications

References 37 publications

Disruption of phytoene desaturase gene results in albino and dwarf phenotypes in Arabidopsis by impairing chlorophyll, carotenoid, and gibberellin biosynthesis

Disruption of phytoene desaturase gene results in albino and dwarf phenotypes in Arabidopsis by impairing chlorophyll, carotenoid, and gibberellin biosynthesis

The Fate of Chloroplast Proteins during Photooxidation in Carotenoid-Deficient Maize Leaves

Light Effects on Several Chloroplast Components in Norflurazon-Treated Pea Seedlings

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