Carotenoid Biosynthesis in
            <i>Rhodotorula glutinis</i>

Hayman, E.; Yokoyama, Hidekatsu; Chichester, C. O.; Simpson, Kenneth L.

doi:10.1128/jb.120.3.1339-1343.1974

Cited by 50 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In R. rubra , this change was accompanied by an accentuated decrease in the percentages of torularhodin (from 51 to 7%) and of torulene + neurosporene (from 33 to 15%) with increasing DPA added to the culture medium. Hayman et al. (1974) also reported a decrease in the production of torulene by R. glutinis in the presence of DPA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Studies on the use of specific carotenoid‐biosynthesis inhibitors in Rhodotorula strains are rare. Carotenogenesis in Rhodotorula glutinis was evaluated using the cyclization inhibitor 2‐(4‐chlorophenylthio)‐triethylamine (Hayman et al. 1974), and the dehydrogenation inhibitors such as methyl‐heptanone, β‐ionone (Simpson et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1974), and the dehydrogenation inhibitors such as methyl‐heptanone, β‐ionone (Simpson et al. 1964) and DPA (Hayman et al. 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Nicotine and Diphenylamine on the Carotenoid Composition of Rhodotorula Strains

Squina

Mercadante

2005

J Food Biochemistry

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In order to obtain commercially interesting carotenoid profiles, the effect of supplementation with diphenylamine (DPA) and nicotine in the culture media of Rhodotorula rubra and Rhodotorula glutinis was studied. Fermentation experiments were carried out in flasks. The carotenoids were extracted with ethyl acetate by physical disruption, and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography using a reversed-phase column. At subinhibitory levels, both the inhibitors showed no effect on yeast growth for the two strains. Only R. rubra produced more carotenoids when 5 mmol of DPA was added to the broth, 155.8 mg/g of dry weight. For both strains, supplementation with 5 mmol DPA caused a significant reduction in the torularhodin/torulene ratio, from 1.5 to 0.5 for R. rubra, and from 0.8 to 0.5 for R. glutinis. With 10 mmol of this inhibitor, an accumulation of b-carotene occurred from 13 to 47% in R. rubra, and from 36 to 43% in R. glutinis. Supplementation with nicotine resulted in the selective biosynthesis of lycopene (up to 93.8 mg/g) and the formation of a minor carotenoid, tentatively identified as 3,4didehydrolycopene, not previously related to Rhodotorula spp.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Nicotine and Diphenylamine on the Carotenoid Composition of Rhodotorula Strains

Squina

Mercadante

2005

J Food Biochemistry

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“…It can affect the propagation of carotenoid producers in general and influence the production of single carotenoid and carotenoid ratios along the biosynthesis pathway in specific. Hayman et al [34] reported that the relative concentrations of individual carotenoids produced by R. glutinis were different when cultivated at 4°C and 25 °C, respectively. Similar results were observed in another strain of R. glutinis, 48-23T, in which the composition of carotenoids varied when different culture temperatures were applied.…”

Section: Optimization Approaches On Cultivation Conditions For the Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthetic Pathway of Carotenoids in Rhodotorula and Strategies for Enhanced Their Production

Tang¹,

Wang²,

Jun³

et al. 2019

Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

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Rhodotorula is a group of pigment-producing yeasts well known for its intracellular biosynthesis of carotenoids such as β-carotene, γ-carotene, torulene and torularhodin. The great potential of carotenoids in applications in food and feed as well as in health products and cosmetics has generated a market value expected to reach over $2.0 billion by 2022. Due to growing public concern over food safety, the demand for natural carotenoids is rising, and this trend significantly encourages the use of microbial fermentation for natural carotenoid production. This review covers the biological properties of carotenoids and the most recent findings on the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, as well as strategies for the metabolic engineering methods for the enhancement of carotenoid production by Rhodotorula. The practical approaches to improving carotenoid yields, which have been facilitated by advancements in strain work as well as the optimization of media and fermentation conditions, were summarized respectively.

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“…Several bacteria, fungi and yeasts are good carotenoid producers (Johnson and Schroeder 1995). Of the yeasts, those species belonging to the genera Rhodotorula, Rhodosporidium, Sporobolomyces and Phaf®a have been known to form carotenoids from both synthetic and raw substrates for a long time (Mrak et al 1949;Nakayama et al 1954;Hayman et al 1974;Nelis and De Leenheer 1991;Vandamme 1992;Martin et al 1993;Frengova et al 1994;Johnson and Schroeder 1995;Shih and Hang 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Batch and fed-batch carotenoid production by Rhodotorula glutinis-Debaryomyces castellii co-cultures in corn syrup

Buzzini

2001

J Appl Microbiol

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Aims: Investigations on the production of red pigments by Rhodotorula glutinis on raw substrates of agro-industrial origin may be considered of interest because they represent the ®rst approach to the utilization of these raw materials for biotechnological purposes. Methods and Results: Rhodotorula glutinis DBVPG 3853 was batch and fed-batch co-cultured with Debaryomyces castellii DBVPG 3503 in a medium containing corn syrup as the sole carbon source. Fed-batch co-cultures gave a volumetric production of 8á2 mg total carotenoid l ±1 , about 150% of that observed in batch co-cultures. The different carotenoid pigments (b-carotene, torulene, torularhodin) were quanti®ed. Conclusions: Oligosaccharides and dextrins of corn syrup could be used pro®tably for pigment production by R. glutinis DBVPG 3853±D. castellii DBVPG 3503 in co-culture. Signi®cance and Impact of the Study: The above results suggest that the red yeasts belonging to the genus Rhodotorula may have industrial relevance as carotenoid producers.

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Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Rhodotorula glutinis

Abstract: It was determined that lycopene could be cyclized directly by Rhodotorula glutinis . It was also shown the the temperature effect (i.e., increased β-carotene synthesis in response to lower incubation temperatures) in R. glutinis was controlled by changes in enzyme concentration.

Cited by 50 publications

References 21 publications

Influence of Nicotine and Diphenylamine on the Carotenoid Composition of Rhodotorula Strains

Influence of Nicotine and Diphenylamine on the Carotenoid Composition of Rhodotorula Strains

Biosynthetic Pathway of Carotenoids in Rhodotorula and Strategies for Enhanced Their Production

Batch and fed-batch carotenoid production by Rhodotorula glutinis-Debaryomyces castellii co-cultures in corn syrup

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