Carob leaf polyphenols trigger intrinsic apoptotic pathway and induce cell cycle arrest in colon cancer cells

Ghanemi, Fatima Zahra; Belarbi, Meriem; Fluckiger, Aurélie; Nani, Abdelhafid; Dumont, Adélie; Rosny, Charlotte de; Aboura, Ikram; Khan, Naim Akhtar; Murtaza, Babar; Benammar, Chahid; Lahfa, Boucif Farid; Patoli, Danish; Delmas, Dominique; Rébé, Cédric; Apétoh, Lionel; Ghringhelli, François; Rialland, Mickaël; Hichami, Aziz

doi:10.1016/j.jff.2017.03.032

Cited by 43 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These in turn, show the potential application of polyphenols in the treatment of cancer, obesity and cardiovascular disease. In addition, polyphenols of plant origin are becoming popular choices for food supplements (Gautam et al, ; Ghanemi et al, ). Therefore, researchers in various fields, including pharmaceuticals, food industries, cosmetics and agricultural sectors, are showing increased interest in the study of polyphenols (Gautam et al, ; Márcio et al, ; Zhao et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LC‐MS/MS profiling of polyphenol‐enriched leaf, stem and root extracts of Korean Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc and determination of their antioxidant effects

Choi

Desta

Lee

et al. 2018

Biomedical Chromatography

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Polyphenols from ethyl acetate extracts from the leaves, stems and roots of Korean Humulus japonicus were comprehensively profiled using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 36 polyphenols were detected, of which 26 were structurally characterized based on their [M - H] peak, tandem mass spectrometry fragmentation pattern, UV-vis absorption and published data. Validation data provided satisfactory results for the evaluated parameters. The determination coefficients were ≥0.9812. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.017-0.573 and 0.056-1.834 mg/L, respectively, indicating good performance limits. The accuracy (expressed as percentage recovery) at 50 and 100 mg/L was 71.4-99.7 and 75.1-105.1%, with precisions (expressed as relative standard deviation) of 1.5-7.3 and 0.8-4.1%, respectively, indicating acceptable accuracy and precision values. The leaves were rich in total polyphenols (3089.9 ± 6.4 mg/kg of fresh sample) followed by the stems (1313.9 ± 6.4 mg/kg of fresh sample) and roots (655.2 ± 2.7 mg/kg of fresh sample). Antioxidant activity, determined by α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, revealed the lowest EC value for the leaf extracts, indicating a higher scavenging activity in this tissue followed by the roots and stems. Overall, the results indicated that H. japonicus is rich in polyphenols and could be a potential alternative to Humulus lupulus (hop plant) in the brewery industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LC‐MS/MS profiling of polyphenol‐enriched leaf, stem and root extracts of Korean Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc and determination of their antioxidant effects

Choi

Desta

Lee

et al. 2018

Biomedical Chromatography

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“…Recently, the Caspase 3 activity induced by EGCG treatments was also observed in bladder cancer cells SW780 [45] and chondrosarcoma cells [46], as well as in diabetic mice [47], indicating that EGCG plays a role in apoptosis via Caspase 3 activity. In general, polyphenols such as EGCG induced apoptosis in a caspasedependent manner [48][49][50]. However, EGCG has also shown its apoptotic activities via caspase-independent pathways [51,52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway by Green Tea Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) in Colorectal Cancer Cells: Activation of PERK/p-eIF2α/ATF4 and IRE1α

Nesran

Shafie

Ishak

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant bioactive polyphenolic compound among the green tea constituents and has been identified as a potential anticancer agent in colorectal cancer (CRC) studies. This study was aimed to determine the mechanism of actions of EGCG when targeting the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway in CRC. The MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay was performed on HT-29 cell line and normal cell line (3T3) to determine the EGCG toxicity. Next, western blot was done to observe the expression of the related proteins for the ER stress pathway. The Caspase 3/7 assay was performed to determine the apoptosis induced by EGCG. The results demonstrated that EGCG treatment was toxic to the HT-29 cell line. EGCG induced ER stress in HT-29 by upregulating immunoglobulin-binding (BiP), PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha subunit (eIF2α), activating transcription 4 (ATF4), and inositol-requiring kinase 1 alpha (IRE1α). Apoptosis was induced in HT-29 cells after the EGCG treatment, as shown by the Caspase 3/7 activity. This study indicates that green tea EGCG has the potential to inhibit colorectal cancer cells through the induction of ER stress.

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“…Lim, Gurung, and Hande (2017) examined the viability of human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MDA-MB-231), estrogen receptor positive (MCF-7) breast cancer cells and human glioblastoma cells (U251) upon treatment with polyvinyl alcohol capped silver nanoparticles using the trypan blue dye exclusion assay. Effects of carob leaf polyphenols on colon cancer (HCT-116 and CT-26) cell viability were investigated using trypan blue dye exclusion assay by Ghanemi et al (2017). Propidium iodide (PI) is another dye that can be used to distinguish viable and non-viable cells (Sasaki, Dumas, & Engleman, 1987).…”

Section: Dye Exclusion Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro assays and techniques utilized in anticancer drug discovery

Ediriweera

Tennekoon

Samarakoon

2018

J of Applied Toxicology

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Development of a cancer is a multistep process and six major hallmarks of cancer that are known to control malignant transformation have been described. Anticancer drug development is a tedious process, requiring a number of in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. In vitro assays provide an initial platform for cancer drug discovery approaches. A wide range of in vitro assays/techniques have been developed to evaluate each hallmark feature of cancer and selection of a particular in vitro assay or technique mainly depends on the specific research question (s) to be examined. In the present review, we have described some commonly utilized in vitro assays and techniques used to examine cell viability/proliferation, apoptosis, cellular senescence, invasion and migration, oxidative stress and antioxidant effects, gene and protein expression, angiogenesis and genomic alterations in cancer drug discovery. Additionally, uses of modern techniques such as high throughput screening, high content screening and reporter gene assays in cancer drug discovery have also been described.

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Carob leaf polyphenols trigger intrinsic apoptotic pathway and induce cell cycle arrest in colon cancer cells

Cited by 43 publications

References 46 publications

LC‐MS/MS profiling of polyphenol‐enriched leaf, stem and root extracts of Korean Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc and determination of their antioxidant effects

LC‐MS/MS profiling of polyphenol‐enriched leaf, stem and root extracts of Korean Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc and determination of their antioxidant effects

Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway by Green Tea Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) in Colorectal Cancer Cells: Activation of PERK/p-eIF2α/ATF4 and IRE1α

In vitro assays and techniques utilized in anticancer drug discovery

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