Carnosine, the Protective, Anti-aging Peptide

Boldyrev, Alexander A.; Gallant, S.; Sukhich, Gennady T.

doi:10.1023/a:1020271013277

Cited by 60 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…(), CAR supplementation has decreased hepatic age‐related oxidative stress in rat. CAR is also shown to attenuate the development of senility (Boldyrev et al ., ). Suppression of senescence in cultured human fibroblasts and protection of telomeres against oxidative injury in cultured cells have been attributed to the anti‐ageing actions of CAR (Hipkiss, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Carnosine and vitamin E - a promising pair in the combat against testicular oxidative stress in aged rats

et al. 2014

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Oxidative stress is considered to play a key role in ageing. Carnosine alone or together with vitamin E may prove to be helpful in dealing with problems of ageing through its antioxidant activity. Testis, by producing steroids and possessing a poor antioxidant system may become a strong target for the chronic oxidative stress generated during ageing. Therefore we investigated the in vivo effect of carnosine alone or together with vitamin E on testicular oxidative stress in aged rats. In this study, young (5 months) and aged (22 months) Wistar rats were used. Carnosine (250 mg kg(-1); i.p.; 5 days per week) and vitamin E (200 mg kg(-1); i.m.; twice per week) were given to aged rats for 2 months. Increased testicular lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity in aged rats were declined to the levels of young ones by both treatments. Decreased glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase activities returned to the level of young's only by carnosine plus vitamin E treatment. Histopathological evaluation described by Johnsen's score, also showed significant improvement with preserved spermatogenesis. Carnosine plus vitamin E treatment appears to stage a powerful performance by attenuating testicular oxidative stress and sparing the antioxidant system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Carnosine and vitamin E - a promising pair in the combat against testicular oxidative stress in aged rats

et al. 2014

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“…Carnosine is proposed to have antioxidant activity which could attenuate the development of senile features (Boldyrev et al 1999). Carnosine has been found to suppress senescence in cultured human fibroblasts and to protect telomeres of cultured cells against oxidative damage (Hipkiss 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of carnosine treatment on prooxidant–antioxidant balance in liver, heart and brain tissues of male aged rats

et al. 2009

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Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L: -histidine) is a dipeptide with antioxidant properties. Oxidative damage by free radicals is one of the mechanisms underlying the aging process. This study was done to investigate the effects of carnosine treatment on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status of liver, heart, brain in male young and aged rats. At the initiation of study, young and aged rats were 5 and 22 months old, respectively. Carnosine (250 mg/kg, daily, i.p.) was administered for 1 month to rats. At the end of this period, malondialdehyde (MDA) and diene conjugate (DC) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels, glutathione (GSH), vitamin E and vitamin C levels and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione transferase (GST) activities were determined in tissues of carnosine-treated young and old rats. Liver and heart, but not brain MDA and DC levels increased significantly in aged rats as compared to young rats. Liver PC levels were also significantly elevated. Significant decreases in GSH and vitamin C levels and SOD activities were detected in liver of aged rats, but vitamin E levels and GSH-Px and GST activities remained unchanged. Non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants did not change in heart and brain of aged rats. Carnosine treatment decreased high MDA, DC and PC levels and caused significant increases in vitamin E level and SOD activity in the liver of aged rats. There were no changes in non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants in the heart and brain of carnosine-treated aged rats. In conclusion, carnosine treatment was found to be useful in the decrease of age-related oxidative stress in the liver.

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“…By “enfeebled,” we mean natural or selected rodent lines that have genetic (or possibly epigenetic) changes that reduce longevity and health relative to their unaltered parental or control strains. For example, many studies utilized senescence-accelerated prone mouse strains (SAMP1 through SAMP9) to rapidly screen for longevity therapeutics (Rodriguez et al 2008; Li et al 2007; Umezawa et al 2000; Boldyrev et al 1999; Kumari et al 1997; Edamatsu et al 1995; Zhang et al 1994). SAMP mice suffer from the early onset of a spectrum of age-related pathologies which abbreviate their life span.…”

Section: Healthy Long-lived Rodents Such As An F1 Hybrid or A More mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the literature and suggestions for the design of rodent survival studies for the identification of compounds that increase health and life span

Spindler

2011

AGE

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Much of the literature describing the search for agents that increase the life span of rodents was found to suffer from confounds. One-hundred-six studies, absent 20 contradictory melatonin studies, of compounds or combinations of compounds were reviewed. Only six studies reported both life span extension and food consumption data, thereby excluding the potential effects of caloric restriction. Six other studies reported life span extension without a change in body weight. However, weight can be an unreliable surrogate measure of caloric consumption. Twenty studies reported that food consumption or weight was unchanged, but it was unclear whether these data were anecdotal or systematic. Twenty-nine reported extended life span likely due to induced caloric restriction. Thirty-six studies reported no effect on life span, and three a decrease. The remaining studies suffer from more serious confounds. Though still widely cited, studies showing life span extension using short-lived or “enfeebled” rodents have not been shown to predict longevity effects in long-lived animals. We suggest improvements in experimental design that will enhance the reliability of the rodent life span literature. First, animals should receive measured quantities of food and its consumption monitored, preferably daily, and reported. Weights should be measured regularly and reported. Second, a genetically heterogeneous, long-lived rodent should be utilized. Third, chemically defined diets should be used. Fourth, a positive control (e.g., a calorically restricted group) is highly desirable. Fifth, drug dosages should be chosen based on surrogate endpoints or accepted cross-species scaling factors. These procedures should improve the reliability of the scientific literature and accelerate the identification of longevity and health span-enhancing agents.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11357-011-9224-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Carnosine, the Protective, Anti-aging Peptide

Cited by 60 publications

References 19 publications

Carnosine and vitamin E - a promising pair in the combat against testicular oxidative stress in aged rats

Carnosine and vitamin E - a promising pair in the combat against testicular oxidative stress in aged rats

The effect of carnosine treatment on prooxidant–antioxidant balance in liver, heart and brain tissues of male aged rats

Review of the literature and suggestions for the design of rodent survival studies for the identification of compounds that increase health and life span

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