Caring Now and Later: Black Boys’ Schooling Experiences of Relational Care

Abstract

Background/Context: Black boys’ schooling experiences in the United States are an important area of inquiry, given the ways they are systematically repositioned away from schooling success in dominant narratives about their lives. Scholars suggest that Black boys need to be cared for and nurtured in schools. However, few studies have explicitly explored their subjective experience of care. A cumulative understanding of the educational trajectories of Black boys suggests that their early experiences can influence later schooling years. This exploration considers the role of relationships and contexts across two distinct time periods of development in shaping their educational experiences. Purpose/Research Question/Focus of Study: In this study, we use a relational care framework to investigate how Black boys, during preschool and high school, make sense of their experiences of care within the school context. Based on their relationships with teachers, other adults, and peers, care is discussed through three important constructs: tangible care, time-related care, and personal support. The major questions we explore are: (1) In what ways do Black boys feel cared for in school? and (2) How does being cared for matter in their schooling experiences? Participants: This study comprises two groups of Black boys at different developmental stages. The first group comprised 11 Black boys enrolled in the same state-funded preschool program, and the second group of participants consisted of 20 Black boys who graduated from the same all-male, all-Black secondary school. Research Design: This qualitative investigation explored how Black boys (N = 31) make meanings of their school-based relationships. It was conducted across two distinct time periods within two separate studies, one during preschool and one during high school. Findings/Results: We found that Black boys at both stages of development place primacy on care through school-related relationships with teachers, other adults, and peers. The Black boys in this study delineated distinctions in the dimensions of care, source of care, and their perspectives of the care they received from peers and adults in school. Taken together, caring for others and being cared for were critical to the educational experiences and well-being of Black boys in this study. Conclusions/Recommendations: This research contributes to understandings of Black boys’ school-related needs across two distinct developmental periods. As such, it is important for educators to see relational care as a vital tool for educational success of Black boys during the early years and continuously throughout their educational trajectories. Relatedly, educators must seek to incorporate care within the context of a relationship centered on a unique appreciation of each Black boy and his individual care needs, educational aspirations, and possibilities.

”Ulkonäön perusteella ajatellaan et me kestetään mitä vaan”

“…Olisi toivottavaa, että nuorten arjessa osallisina olevat aikuiset ymmärtäisivät, kuinka tärkeää toisista huolehtiminen ja hoivatuksi tuleminen on myös mustien ja ruskeiden poikien hyvinvoinnille (Brooms & Wint 2021). Kysymys kuuluukin, voitaisiinko kouluyhteisössä ja yhteiskunnassa laajemminkin ymmärtää ja myös hyödyntää poikien keskinäistä hoivaa voimavarana erityisesti niillä hyvinvoinnin ulottuvuuksilla, joilla poikien suhteet institutionaalisiin aikuisiin ovat helposti ristiriitaiset (ks.…”

Caring in the Context of Discipline Reform: A Framework for Researchers and Policymakers

“…This framework attends to the way that care might look different for different communities, and how the intersection of various social locations shapes this practice. Descriptive, qualitative studies that center the role of context and students’ and teachers’ intersectional identities can illuminate communities’ care practices and cultural knowledge (e.g., Broom, 2017; Brooms & Wint, 2021). Though critical ethnographic studies may be particularly well-suited to the study of intersectional care (e.g., Levinson et al, 2009), the expanding field of critical quantitative studies offers possibilities for future nuanced, intersectional analyses of care (e.g., Garcia et al, 2018).…”

Taking Early Childhood Education and Young Children’s Learning Experiences Seriously

“…TCR has published articles on racial equity in early childhood education, including Broom and Wint’s (2021) “Caring Now and Later: Black Boys’ Schooling Experiences of Relational Care”, Toward Critically Transformative possibilities: Considering tensions and undoing inequities in the spatialization of teacher education” by Souto-Manning and Martell (2019), and “Depicting Hate: Picture Books and the Realities of White Supremacist Crime and Violence” by Sciurba (2020). Doucet’s (2011) “(Re)Constructing Home and School: Immigrant Parents, Agency, and the (Un)Desirability of Bridging Multiple Worlds” challenges deficit, racist narratives that White institutions often maintain about immigrant families, as does Chávez-Reyes’s (2010) “Inclusive Approaches to Parent Engagement for Young English Language Learners and Their Families” and Ghiso’s (2016) “The Laundromat as the Transnational Local: Young Children's Literacies of Interdependence.” Over the past decade, LGBTQIA+ communities have been featured in TCR in articles that include early childhood education, such as “Transgender and Gender-Creative Students in PK–12 Schools: What We Can Learn from Their Teachers” by Tilland-Stafford and Airton (2016).…”