Carina Data Synthesis Project

Tanhua, Toste; Olsen, Are; Hoppema, Mario; Jütterström, Sara; Schirnick, Carsten; Heuven, Steven van; Velo, A.; Lin, Xia; Kozyr, A.; Álvarez, Marta; Bakker, D. C. E.; Brown, Peter J.; Falck, Eva; Jeansson, Emil; Monaco, Claire Lo; Ólafsson, Jón; Pérez, Fíz F.; Pierrot, Denis; Rı́os, Aida F.; Sabine, Christopher L.; Schuster, Ute; Steinfeldt, Reiner; Stendardo, I.; Anderson, Leif G.; Bates, Nicholas R.; Bellerby, R. G. J.; Blindheim, Johan; Gruber, Nicolas; Ishii, Masao; Johannessen, Truls; Jones, E. P.; Köhler, Janna; Körtzinger, Arne; Metzl, Nicolas; Murata, Akihiko; Musielewics, S.; Omar, A. M.; Olsson, Kristina; Pfeil, Benjamin; Rey, Francisco; Rhein, Monika; Skjelvan, Ingunn; Tilbrook, Bronte; Wanninkhof, Rik; Mintrop, L.; Wallace, D. W. R.; Key, Robert M.

doi:10.3334/cdiac/otg.ndp091

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In order to compare the SNOMS data to previous measurements and to better constrain the oceanic end‐members, historical data were downloaded from CDIAC (Figure ), including data sets from several data synthesis projects such as Global Ocean Data Analysis Project (v1.1) [ Key et al , ], Carbon dioxide in the Atlantic Ocean (v1.2) [ Tanhua et al , ], Pacific Ocean interior carbon [ Suzuki et al , ], and cruise data from the Global Coastal Program in the North American West and East Coasts [ Feely and Sabine , ; Wanninkhof et al , ] and the Mediterranean Sea [ Schneider and Roether , ; Tanhua et al , ]. Surface data were selected from waters up to 20 m depth in the (sub)tropics (30°S–30°N) and 30 m depth in regions with a latitude higher than 30° [ Lee et al , ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of alkalinity and the alkalinity‐salinity relationship in the tropical and subtropical surface ocean

Jiang

Tyrrell

Hydes

et al. 2014

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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The variability of total alkalinity (TA) and its relationship with salinity in the tropical and subtropical surface ocean were examined using data collected in various marine environments from a ship of opportunity. In the open ocean regions of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, sea surface TA variability was observed to be mainly controlled by the simple dilution or concentration (SDC) effect of precipitation and evaporation, and the measured concentrations of TA agreed well with those predicted from salinity and temperature. Non-SDC changes in alkalinity in ocean margins and inland seas were examined by comparing the salinity-normalized alkalinity with that of the open ocean end-member. Non-SDC alkalinity additions to the western North Atlantic margin, eastern North Pacific margin, and Mediterranean Sea were identified, which mainly resulted from river inputs and shelf currents. In contrast, removal of TA through formation and sedimentation of calcium carbonate was observed to be an important control in the Red Sea. The concentration of the river end-member can only be reliably derived from the y intercept of TA-S regression (TA S0 ) in river-dominated systems such as estuaries and river plumes. In coastal regions where other processes (evaporation, shelf currents, upwelling, calcification, etc.) are more influential, TA S0 can significantly deviate from the river water concentration and hence be an unreliable indicator of it. Negative values of TA S0 can result from non-SDC TA removal at the low salinity end (relative to the salinity of the oceanic end-member) and/or non-SDC TA addition at high salinities (as occurs in the Mediterranean Sea).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of alkalinity and the alkalinity‐salinity relationship in the tropical and subtropical surface ocean

Jiang

Tyrrell

Hydes

et al. 2014

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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“…Since there is a current debate about the potential expansion of E. huxleyi populations south of the PF during recent decades (Cubillos et al, 2007;Saavedra-Pellitero et al, 2014;Winter et al, 2014;Malinverno et al, 2015;Patil et al, 2017), it is important to evaluate the likely origins of the sinking coccolith assemblages collected at station 61 • S. This assessment is particularly needed in the case of deep-moored sediment trap experiments because the source area of the particles collected by the traps can be as wide as hundreds of square kilometres (Buesseler et al, 2007). Several lines of evidence strongly suggest that the coccolithophore fluxes registered by the traps were produced in the waters of the Antarctic zone.…”

Section: Origin Magnitude and Composition Of The Coccolithophoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coccolithophore populations and their contribution to carbonate export during an annual cycle in the Australian sector of the Antarctic zone

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The Southern Ocean is experiencing rapid and relentless change in its physical and biogeochemical properties. The rate of warming of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current exceeds that of the global ocean, and the enhanced uptake of carbon dioxide is causing basin-wide ocean acidification. Observational data suggest that these changes are influencing the distribution and composition of pelagic plankton communities. Long-term and annual field observations on key environmental variables and organisms are a critical basis for predicting changes in Southern Ocean ecosystems. These observations are particularly needed, since highlatitude systems have been projected to experience the most severe impacts of ocean acidification and invasions of allochthonous species.

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“…Due to the paucity of data in the marginal seas, our objective is to develop empirical relationships only for open ocean regions. For the South Pacific and the Southern Ocean (south of 25 S, 120 E-60 W), we incorporate data that have been processed through second level quality control as part of CARINA [Tanhua et al, 2008] (http://cdiac.ornl.gov/oceans/CARINA/).…”

Section: Total Alkalinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between total alkalinity in surface water and sea surface dynamic height in the Pacific Ocean

Takatani

Enyo

Iida

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Oceans

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Improved spatial and temporal representation of total alkalinity (TA) is expected to be an important component in monitoring changes in the oceanic carbon cycle and acidification over the coming decades. For this reason, previous authors have sought to develop and apply empirical methods to characterize TA in the surface ocean. However, there are regions such as the North Pacific that have proven difficult to successfully represent through empirical relationships based on temperature and salinity with linear regression. Here we propose a new empirical approach for reconstructing TA for the Pacific basin using sea surface salinity and sea surface dynamic height (SSDH). We propose five zones of the Pacific basin where the empirical relationships are applied separately. The root-mean-square error of the fittings of these equations to the measured TA is 7.8 lmol kg 21 . The SSDH-based empirical equation helps especially to represent the TA in the North Pacific subtropical-subarctic frontal zone where salinity-normalized TA as well as other oceanographic variables exhibits a large meridional gradient and sizeable formation of Central Mode Water and Subtropical Mode Water occurs.

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Carina Data Synthesis Project

Cited by 12 publications

References 39 publications

Variability of alkalinity and the alkalinity‐salinity relationship in the tropical and subtropical surface ocean

Variability of alkalinity and the alkalinity‐salinity relationship in the tropical and subtropical surface ocean

Coccolithophore populations and their contribution to carbonate export during an annual cycle in the Australian sector of the Antarctic zone

Relationships between total alkalinity in surface water and sea surface dynamic height in the Pacific Ocean

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