Caries Risk Assessment Using the Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) Protocol among the General Population of Sakaka, Saudi Arabia—A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Caries risk assessment is a useful tool in caries prevention and management. Using a tool such as CAMBRA, every individual can be assessed according to his or her disease indicators, risk factors, and protective factors for the current and future caries. Aim: This study aimed to assess caries risk among the general population of Sakaka, Saudi Arabia using the CAMBRA protocol. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at university dental clinics using a questionnaire that was formulated using the CAMBRA caries risk assessment tool; afterwards, all 160 participants were intra-orally examined to assess oral hygiene status and presence of disease. Independent t-tests, ANOVAs, and chi-square tests were performed for analysis. Results: The majority of participants had one or more disease indicators, with white spots and visible cavities (71.3%), and the most commonly present risk factor was visible heavy plaque on teeth (82.5%). The use of fluoridated toothpaste (92.5%) was the most common protective factor. The majority of participants (85%) were in the ‘High’ category of Caries risk assessment. The prevalence of high caries risk was significantly higher among the rural participants compared to the urban (p <0.05), and significantly fewer of those with a primary school education level or lower were in the high dental caries risk group compared to the other educational categories (p <0.001). Conclusion: The caries risk among the general population of Sakaka, Saudi Arabia, is high, with significant variation among age groups, education levels, and geographical locations.

Influence of Tooth Brushing and Previous Dental Visits on Dental Caries Status among Saudi Arabian Children

“…Dental caries is one of the commonest and perhaps most prevalent diseases affecting the oral cavity [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. It is a microbial disease of the calcified tissues of the teeth, characterized by demineralization of the inorganic component and destruction of the organic content of the tooth [ 2 ].…”

“…When evaluating the severity of ECC between the ages of three and five, “dmf” ratings are used [ 1 ]. Numerous studies from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have reported a very high caries prevalence among preschool children [ 3 , 4 ]. Recent reports from Italy and Australia indicated unequal distributions in caries prevalence among preschoolers.…”

Impact of Parental Literacy on Dental Caries of School-Going Children in Landi Kotal District Khyber

“…socioeconomic factors including education have a massive influence on caries as out of 231 children, 70.46% of those children had caries whose father and mother have lower educational level. 7 589 Saudi Arabian Children including males and females, ages 3 -14, showed that 70% of children having a lower parental literacy rate are suffered from caries while in case of children having higher parental literacy are less susceptible to dental J Wazir Muhammad Inst Paramed Tech January-June 2022 parental factors and dental caries in 3 years old 3615 Japanese children. the prevalence of dental caries was 14.7% in children having professional and educated parents.…”