Caregiving intensity and retirement status in Canada

Jacobs, Josephine; Laporte, Audrey; Houtven, Courtney Harold Van; Coyte, Peter C.

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.11.051

Cited by 83 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In such a case, working would have a smaller effect on the high end of the care hours distribution. On the other hand, some prior research has suggested that the effect of intensive informal caregiving (i.e., more than 20 hours/week) has a larger effect on employment than less-intensive informal caregiving has (Carmichael and Charles, 1998;Heitmueller, 2007;Lilly et al, 2007;Carmichael et al, 2010;Jacobs et al, 2014). Intensity of care may be relevant for the effect of employment on informal caregiving as well.…”

Section: Heterogeneous Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Does Formal Employment Reduce Informal Caregiving?

McHenry

2015

Health Economics

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Using the Survey of Income and Program Participation, we examine the impact of formal employment on informal caregiving. We instrument for individual work hours with state unemployment rates. We find that, among women of prime caregiving ages (40-64 years), working 10% more hours per week reduces the probability of providing informal care by about 2 percentage points. The effects are stronger for more time-intensive caregiving and if care recipients are household members. Our results imply that work-promoting policies have the unintended consequence of reducing informal caregiving in an aging society. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Heterogeneous Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects are stronger if the care recipients are household members, and we find some suggestive evidence that the effects are also stronger for more time‐intensive caregiving. These results are consistent with stronger effects for more intensive caregiving (Lilly et al ., ; Carmichael et al ., ; Jacobs et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Formal Employment Reduce Informal Caregiving?

McHenry

2015

Health Economics

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“…Parental health is often used to construct instruments for caregiving, with the argument that parental health has no effect on paid work other than through caregiving (see, e.g., Bolin et al 2008). Some recent studies also argue that instrumental variables Panel data studies that use instrumental variables are marked in bold are unnecessary since caregiving can be considered as exogenous (Lilly et al 2010;Jacobs et al 2014). Longitudinal studies often look at transition probabilities (e.g., Berecki-Gisolf et al 2008), investigating whether individuals doing informal care and paid work at time t have a higher probability to leave the labor market before time t +1 compared to individuals who are working but do not give care in period t. Other longitudinal studies use panel data models with individual fixed effects, thus controlling for all time-invariant confounding factors.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Informal Caregiving, Employment Status and Work Hours of the 50+ Population in Europe

Ciccarelli

Soest

2018

De Economist

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Using panel data on the age group 50-70 in 15 European countries, we analyze the effects of providing informal care to parents, parents-in-law, stepparents, and grandparents on employment status and work hours. We account for fixed individual effects and test for endogeneity of caregiving using moments exploiting standard instruments (e.g., parental death) as well as higher-order moment conditions (Lewbel instruments). Specification tests suggest that informal care provision and daily caregiving can be treated as exogenous variables. We find a significant and negative effect of daily caregiving on employment status and work hours. This effect is particularly strong for women. On the other hand, providing care at a weekly (or less than weekly) frequency does not significantly affect paid work. We do not find evidence of heterogeneous effects of caregiving on paid work across European regions.

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“…The institutionalization of gender inequality in societal institutions is common to many countries (e.g., Crompton, 2006;Duncan et al, 2003), where women experience similar forms of discrimination in the workforce and similar barriers to accessing well-paid work allowing them to accumulate sufficient retirement savings (see, for example, Amato, 2010;Cohen, 2013;Cotter, Hermsen, & Vanneman, 2004;Crompton & Harris, 2006;Gazso, 2005;Gibson, Le, & Scobie, 2006;Hodgson & Marriott, 2013;Jacobs, Laporte, Van Houtven, & Coyte, 2014;Yeandle, 2006). Superannuation-poor women are an important group to policymakers as they rely heavily on the age pension, and, increasingly, the Disability Support Pension (McVicar & Wilkins, 2013).…”

Section: Women Paid Work and Retirement Savingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living Longer on Less

Weiss¹,

Parkinson²,

Duncan³

2015

SAGE Open

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This article examines the paid work experiences of women aged more than 55 with less than Aus$100,000 in superannuation living in Victoria, Australia. In Australia, superannuation is a compulsory retirement scheme in which employers make contributions to employees’ superannuation accounts. This research attempts to discover how participants’ experiences of paid work were linked to their positions of low superannuation. We interviewed 32 participants, 18 from a metropolitan and 14 from a regional setting, and analyzed the results qualitatively. We found that although the participants experienced considerable discrimination in the paid workforce, which contributed to their low superannuation balances, the more important factors were outside the workforce, preventing them from accessing well-paid work. These factors included the deprioritization of women’s paid work compared with men’s, unpaid care, disability, ill health and older age, and violence.

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Caregiving intensity and retirement status in Canada

Cited by 83 publications

References 26 publications

Does Formal Employment Reduce Informal Caregiving?

Does Formal Employment Reduce Informal Caregiving?

Informal Caregiving, Employment Status and Work Hours of the 50+ Population in Europe

Living Longer on Less

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