Caregiver Burden in Bladder Cancer Patients with Urinary Diversion Post-Radical Cystectomy and the Need for Comprehensive Nursing Education: A Narrative Literature

Abstract

Background Bladder cancer ranks seventh in global cancer prevalence. Radical cystectomy and urinary diversion are standard for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Family caregivers shoulder a substantial care burden, affecting their own quality of life, with repercussions extending to patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Objective This narrative review aims to highlight the major concerns perceived by the caregivers and efficacy of nurse-led interventions in alleviating their concerns and improving HRQOL. Methods A systematic search of the PubMed, CINAHL, and Science Direct databases was carried out to identify studies published in the last 5 years (from Jan 2018 to Aug 2023) that have evaluated the concerns and problems of caregivers attending bladder cancer patients with urinary diversion. Additionally, studies evaluating the efficacy of nurse-led interventions in alleviating these concerns were also searched. Results Overall, 6 studies involving 933 BC patients with UD and 1042 caregivers were identified as suitable for inclusion in this narrative literature review. Major concerns identified included psychological well-being, medical assistance needs, and peer support. Significant psychological impact was evident in the caregivers which operated in a dyadic manner. Nurse-led stoma education programs have demonstrated potential in enhancing caregivers’ quality of life, although they remain restricted. Conclusion Emphasizing caregivers’ role and program effectiveness is critical. Our review addresses these gaps, focusing on caregivers’ concerns and the impact of nursing education for improved patient outcomes. Implications for Practice Holistic and collaborative approach could enhance the overall well-being and quality of life of bladder cancer patients and their caregivers.