Career trajectories, transition rates, and birthdate distributions: the rocky road from youth to senior level in men's European football
Paolo Riccardo Brustio,
Alexander B. T. McAuley,
Alexandru Nicolae Ungureanu
et al.
Abstract:This study aimed to assess youth-to-senior transition rates, quantify the magnitude of relative age effect (RAEs), and evaluate how RAEs affect these transitions in 9,527 men's national football players of England, France, Germany, Italy, and Spain. Regardless of national team, only −15%, 25%, and 40% of U17, U19, and U21 players successfully transitioned to the senior team, respectively, whilst −14%–24% progressed to senior level without being selected during youth. Data suggested a skewed birthdate distribut… Show more
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