Career prevalence and correlates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors among firefighters

Stanley, Ian H.; Hom, Melanie A.; Hagan, Christopher R.; Joiner, Thomas E.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.08.007

Cited by 161 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Of the original list of self-harm behaviors the following methods were included as a form of suicide attempt: cutting self, burning self, taking pills in excess, stabbing self, crashing car/motorbike, trying to poison self, trying to gas self, trying to hang self, trying to drown self, shooting self on purpose, and jumping from a high place. All of these behaviors are included in the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview section on suicide attempts (Nock et al, 2007) which is a validated measure of suicidal behaviors and has been utilized in numerous studies (Bagge et al, 2013; Stanley et al, 2015). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts in a New Zealand birth cohort

Coppersmith

Nada-Raja

Beautrais

2017

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts are related, but distinct behaviors. The primary aim of the current study was to identify factors that distinguish those with different lifetime histories of self-injury. A secondary aim was to test whether lifetime history of self-injury at age 26 predicted current suicide ideation at age 32. Methods Participants were 26 year olds from a large birth cohort with a lifetime history of no self-injury (n = 466), a lifetime history of NSSI (n = 191), or a lifetime history of NSSI and a suicide attempt (NSSI+SA; n = 52). They were compared on a history of psychiatric disorders, 12-month suicide ideation, lifetime history of childhood sexual abuse, and lifetime exposure to suicide. Results An anxiety disorder, a substance dependence disorder, suicide ideation, and a history of childhood sexual abuse distinguished the NSSI+SA and NSSI only groups. Longitudinal results demonstrated that a history of NSSI predicted future suicide ideation after adjusting for other selected risk factors. Limitations The majority of analyses are cross-sectional which limits inferences about causality. The retrospective self-report for lifetime behavior could be subject to reporting biases. Conclusions Adults with a history of NSSI and adults with a history of NSSI and a suicide attempt are clinically distinct groups that are both at risk of future suicide ideation. Identifying and treating NSSI could be a key preventive factor in reducing subsequent suicide risk.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts in a New Zealand birth cohort

Coppersmith

Nada-Raja

Beautrais

2017

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…A common reason for leaving the Fire Service for retirement or early retirement is ill-health (Gaught 2016). Moreover, Stanley et al (2015) have found a high risk of suicide among firefighters.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Interview Study of the Experiences of Firefighters in Regard to Psychological Contract and Stressors

Duran

Woodhams

Bishopp

2018

Employ Respons Rights J

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As the first qualitative study of its kind, this study explored firefighters' beliefs and experiences about the psychological contract between themselves as employees and their employer, workplace stress, stress-management strategies, and their wellbeing. Eleven interviews were conducted with active firefighters from multiple fire stations in the UK. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were analysed using framework analysis. Five superordinate themes were identified and labelled as 'Motives', 'Mutual obligations', 'Stressors and their effects', 'Moderators', and 'Retention factors', each of which contained lower level sub-themes. Psychological contract (PC) is a useful construct to measure firefighters' perceived obligations as their responses reflected multiple facets of PC theory. The current climate of austerity measures appears to be negatively impacting on firefighters in terms of reducing numbers and placing higher task demands on those remaining. Thus, making it very difficult for the UK Fire and Rescue Service (UKFRS) to meet the perceived obligations of their employees. The findings have implications for human resource departments within UKFRS trying to manage the impact of funding cuts and they highlight the potential value of the PC as a construct around which such issues can be explored.

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“…These rates are significantly higher than the lifetime rates found among U.S. adults for the same activities. These findings prompted the researchers to call for further studies that replicate and confirm the results beyond the convenience sample used in this analysis (Stanley et al 2015). The statistics are alarming taken in isolation, but a possible explanation of the high percentages is that respondents may have been more interested in taking the online survey because they were struggling or had struggled with mental health issues.…”

Section: Introduction and Statement Of Goalsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Nearly 47 % of survey respondents reported suicide ideation during their fire service career. Twenty percent reported having made a suicide plan during their career; and over 16 % reported having inflicted non-suicidal self-injury while serving as a firefighter (Stanley et al 2015). These rates are significantly higher than the lifetime rates found among U.S. adults for the same activities.…”

Section: Introduction and Statement Of Goalsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…A study of about 1000 career, volunteer, and retired firefighters who completed a mental health survey online identified several risk factors associated with the likelihood of having experienced suicide ideation (thoughts), plans, attempts, and non-suicidal self-injury (Stanley et al 2015). These risk factors include having a lower rank within the department and fewer years of service (generally younger firefighters), being in an all-volunteer department, being a member of a department providing EMS as well as firefighting services, being active-duty military, receiving a cancer diagnosis, and having responded to either a suicide attempt or a suicide death (Stanley et al 2015). In this study, over 15 % of respondents reported having attempted suicide at least once while they served in the fire service.…”

Section: Introduction and Statement Of Goalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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