Cardiovascular Risk in Childhood Cancer Survivors

Mainieri, Francesca; Giannini, Cosimo; Chiarelli, Francesco

doi:10.3390/biomedicines10123098

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…After completing cancer treatment, CAYAs cancer survivors can be more exposed to overnutrition, due to a combination of poor dietary habits and a sedentary lifestyle with profound metabolic alteration secondary to the cancer treatment itself (5,6). Overweight and obesity increases cardiovascular risk and mortality and are related to greater fatigue, reduced physical activity and depression, deeply affecting the quality of life (7,8).…”

Section: Open Access Edited Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative strategies to predict and prevent the risk for malnutrition in child, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors

Guida,

Andreozzi,

Zama

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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Children, adolescents, and young adult cancer survivors (CAYAs) constitute a growing population requiring a customized approach to mitigate the incidence of severe complications throughout their lifetimes. During cancer treatment, CAYAs cancer survivors undergo significant disruptions in their nutritional status, elevating the risks of mortality, morbidity, and cardiovascular events. The assessment of nutritional status during cancer treatment involves anthropometric and dietary evaluations, emphasizing the necessity for regular assessments and the timely identification of risk factors. Proactive nutritional interventions, addressing both undernutrition and overnutrition, should be tailored to specific age groups and incorporate a family-centered approach. Despite encouraging interventions, a notable evidence gap persists. The goal of this review is to comprehensively examine the existing evidence on potential nutritional interventions for CAYAs cancer survivors. We explore the evidence so far collected on the nutritional intervention strategies elaborated for CAYAs cancer survivors that should target both undernutrition and overnutrition, being age-specific and involving a family-based approach. Furthermore, we suggest harnessing artificial intelligence (AI) to anticipate and prevent malnutrition in CAYAs cancer survivors, contributing to the identification of novel risk factors and promoting proactive, personalized healthcare.

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Section: Open Access Edited Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative strategies to predict and prevent the risk for malnutrition in child, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors

Guida,

Andreozzi,

Zama

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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“…Regrettably, childhood cancer survivors find themselves at a heightened risk of developing cardiovascular complications in the long term, a risk that parallels that of their adult counterparts [6]. This highlights the critical importance of instilling healthy practices from a young age.…”

Section: Mitigating Late Effects In Pediatric Populations Through Lif...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Lifestyle Medicine: Strategies to Optimize Health and Well-Being in Oncology Care with Dr. Amy Comander

Chorya,

Coloma,

Cortiana

et al. 2023

Cancers

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The field of lifestyle medicine in cancer care and survivorship is undergoing significant transformation, presenting both challenges and opportunities. This collection of insights and reflections by an esteemed speaker aims to address critical facets of this evolving landscape and the intersection of healthcare, lifestyle, and cancer. With a focus on optimizing the health of cancer survivors, the speaker emphasizes the correlation between general population health and strategies for mitigating cancer risk. Evidence-based resources have a key role in their comprehensive insights into lifestyle changes’ role in cancer prevention and survivorship. Lifestyle interventions also have a promising role in mitigating the late effects in the pediatric context. Therefore, encouraging the early adoption of healthy practices in childhood cancer survivors emerges as a pivotal strategy. Furthermore, challenges in enhancing education and access to lifestyle medicine are addressed. This highlights the importance of patient-centered communication, motivational interviewing, and personalized guidance in facilitating lifestyle changes with patients. Finally, the role of nutritionists in advising breast cancer patients to consider calorie restriction to lower IGF-1 levels is explored. This collection underscores the multifaceted nature of lifestyle medicine in cancer care, highlighting challenges, opportunities, and the transformative power of passion and curiosity in shaping healthcare careers.

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“…Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are a unique population with a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors such as dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and physical inactivity and with a significantly elevated risk for heart failure and myocardial infarction compared with the general population. 12 , 13 The increased occurrence of sarcopenic obesity and dyslipidaemia in CCS could possibly increase ceramide production and promote the accumulation of ceramides into cardiovascular tissues. 14 , 15 In addition, various cardiotoxic treatment regimens including radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy, which many CCS typically require, may further increase the cardiovascular risk in CCS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceramides: a potential cardiovascular biomarker in young adult childhood cancer survivors?

Broberg,

Weismann,

Øra

et al. 2024

European Heart Journal Open

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Aims The aim of this study was to investigate circulating ceramides involved in cardiovascular disease (CVD) in young adult childhood cancer survivors (CCS) and their correlations to previously reported adverse cardiovascular changes in this cohort. Methods and results Fifty-seven CCS and 53 healthy controls (age 20–30 years) were studied. Plasma long-chain ceramides, known to be cardiotoxic (C16:0, C18:0, C24:0, and C24:1), were analysed by mass spectrometry. The coronary event risk test 2 (CERT2) score was calculated from the ceramide data. Cardiac and carotid artery ultrasound data and lipid data available from previous studies of this cohort were used to study partial correlations with ceramide and CERT2 score data. All four analysed ceramides were elevated in CCS compared with controls (P ≤ 0.012). The greatest difference was noted for C18:0, which was 33% higher in CCS compared with controls adjusted for sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.001). The CERT2 score was higher in CCS compared with controls (P < 0.001). In the CCS group, 35% had a high to very high CERT2 score (7–12) when compared with 9% in the control group (P < 0.001). The CCS subgroup with a CERT2 score ≥ 7 had higher heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and higher levels of apolipoprotein B compared with CCS with a CERT2 score < 6 (P ≤ 0.011). When adjusted for age, sex, and BMI, CERT2 score was significantly correlated with arterial stiffness, growth hormone, and cranial radiotherapy (P < 0.044). Conclusion Ceramides could be important biomarkers in understanding the pathophysiology of CVD and in predicting CVD disease risk in young adult CCS.

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Cardiovascular Risk in Childhood Cancer Survivors

Cited by 4 publications

References 142 publications

Innovative strategies to predict and prevent the risk for malnutrition in child, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors

Innovative strategies to predict and prevent the risk for malnutrition in child, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors

The Potential of Lifestyle Medicine: Strategies to Optimize Health and Well-Being in Oncology Care with Dr. Amy Comander

Ceramides: a potential cardiovascular biomarker in young adult childhood cancer survivors?

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