Cardiovascular Responses to Strength Training

Fleck, Steven J.

doi:10.1002/9780470757215.ch20

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The superior effects of cluster-set configurations with a low number of repetitions on power outputs are further supported by the HR data, whereby we observed greater HR responses during CLU1 and CLU2, than CLU4 and TRA across sets and throughout the entire session. These findings are in agreement with previous evidence suggesting the recovery within and between sets in resistance training sessions has an impact on cardiovascular responses (Fleck 1988 , 2003 ; Kraemer et al 1987 ). Differences in HR between protocols were already found at the completion of set 1 (Table 1 ; Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The cumulative beneficial effects of OPL and cluster-set configurations on power output likely stem from psychophysiological (González-Hernández et al 2020 ) and metabolic (Gorostiaga et al 2014 , 2010 ) mechanisms resulting in lower perceived effort and reduced acute muscular fatigue (Tufano et al 2016 , 2017 ). Furthermore, the rest interval between consecutive clusters significantly affects cardiovascular load (Fleck 1988 , 2003 ; Kraemer et al 1987 ), with very short rest periods (i.e. < 20 s) leading to higher heart rate (HR) responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute mechanical, physiological and perceptual responses in older men to traditional-set or different cluster-set configuration resistance training protocols

2020

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Purpose The aims of this study were to compare mechanical outputs (i.e. power and impulse), physiological (i.e. heart rate) and perceptual (i.e. effort and fatigue) responses in older men to traditional-set or different cluster-set configuration resistance training protocols. Methods In a randomized cross-over design, 20 healthy old men (aged 67.2 ± 2.1 years) completed four resistance training sessions using the back squat exercise loaded with optimal power loads. Training configurations were: traditional (TRA), three sets of six repetitions with 120-s rest between each set; Cluster-set 1 (CLU1), 24 single-repetition clusters with 10 s of rest after every cluster; Cluster-set 2 (CLU2), 12 double-repetition clusters with 20-s rest after every cluster; and Cluster-set 4 (CLU4), 6 quadruple-repetition clusters with 40-s rest after every cluster. Results Cluster-set configurations resulted in greater power outputs compared to traditional-set configuration (range 2.6–9.2%, all p$$\le$$ ≤ 0.07 for main effect and protocol $$\times$$ × set interactions). CLU1 and CLU2 induced higher heart rate (range 7.1–10.5%, all p < 0.001 for main effect and protocol $$\times$$ × set interactions), lower rating of perceived exertion (range − 1.3 to − 3.2 AU, all p$$\le$$ ≤ 0.006 for pairwise comparisons) and lower ratings of fatigue (range − 0.15 to − 4 AU, all p$$\le$$ ≤ 0.012 for pairwise comparisons) compared to TRA and CLU4. Finally, an absolute preference for CLU2 was reported. Conclusions Findings presented here support the prescription of CLU2 as an optimal resistance training configuration for trained older men using the back squat.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute mechanical, physiological and perceptual responses in older men to traditional-set or different cluster-set configuration resistance training protocols

2020

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“…It is of particular interest to compare against HLRE because light‐load BFR exercise has been suggested as an alternative to HLRE when used chronically over a period of training to develop muscle strength and increase muscle mass (Takarada et al., ; Wernbom et al., ; Clark et al., ; Karabulut et al., ). During HLRE the magnitude of the increase in blood pressure is substantial (MacDougall et al., ; Fleck, ). MAP would be expected to rise to ∼200 mmHg during a single set of elbow flexion exercise at 95% 1‐RM (MacDougall et al., ), and to even greater levels during unilateral or bilateral leg press exercise (> 250 mmHg) (MacDougall et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral bicep curl hemodynamics: Low‐pressure continuous vs high‐pressure intermittent blood flow restriction

Brandner

Kidgell

Warmington

2014

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

104

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Light-load exercise training with blood flow restriction (BFR) increases muscle strength and size. However, the hemodynamics of BFR exercise appear elevated compared with non-BFR exercise. This questions the suitability of BFR in special/clinical populations. Nevertheless, hemodynamics of standard prescription protocols for BFR and traditional heavy-load exercise have not been compared. We investigated the hemodynamics of two common BFR exercise methods and two traditional resistance exercises. Twelve young males completed four unilateral elbow flexion exercise trials in a balanced, randomized crossover design: (a) heavy load [HL; 80% one-repetition maximum (1-RM)]; (b) light load (LL; 20% 1-RM); and two other light-load trials with BFR applied (c) continuously at 80% resting systolic blood pressure (BFR-C) or (d) intermittently at 130% resting systolic blood pressure (BFR-I). Hemodynamics were measured at baseline, during exercise, and for 60-min post-exercise. Exercising heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, and rate-pressure product were significantly greater for HL and BFR-I compared with LL. The magnitude of hemodynamic stress for BFR-C was between that of HL and LL. These data show reduced hemodynamics for continuous low-pressure BFR exercise compared with intermittent high-pressure BFR in young healthy populations. BFR remains a potentially viable method to improve muscle mass and strength in special/clinical populations.

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“…(24) Others studies also reported decrease in heart rate for a given submaximal workload in strength trained normotensive individuals. (25) The acute blood pressure response to exercise and rate pressure product were reported to have been decreased after training among normotensives. (23) Many studies also reported increase in HRR after resistance training, indicating an enhanced ability for faster cardiovascular recovery.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Isometric Hand Grip Exercise Training on Cardiovascular and Echocardiographic Parameters Among Healthy Young Males

Gandhi¹

2016

jebmh

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Low level of physical fitness and sedentary life style is becoming one of the major risk factor of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Isometric hand grip exercise (IHG exercise) as a form of static resistance exercise has been shown to lower resting blood pressure and results in favorable cardiovascular remodeling. Still, its effect on cardiovascular, especially echocardiographic parameters has not been widely studied. Hence, the study was planned to evaluate the effect of IHG training of 5 weeks on cardiovascular parameters. 30 apparently healthy males of age group 23.57±1.83 years were included in the study. Relevant medical history and anthropometric variables were taken. They were asked to perform 4 IHG exercise at 30% of MVC for 3min with 5min rest in between for 4 days per week, for a period of 5 weeks. Cardiovascular parameters were recorded at the start, during the training and at the end of the training, while the echocardiographic parameters were recorded before and at the end of training. Significant decrease was observed in SBP, DBP, MAP, HR, RPP (rate pressure product) both at rest and at 2min of IHG exercise. Heart rate recovery at 1min increased significantly after the training. Echocardiography showed significant increment in interventricular septum thickness, left ventricular posterior wall thickness and left ventricular ejection fraction; and significant decrement in left ventricular end systolic diameter and volume. The study thus showed that IHG training resulted in positive morphological and functional adaptation of cardiovascular system, resulting decrease in stress on it both at rest and during exercise. KEYWORDSIsometric Hand Grip training, Cardiovascular system adaptation, Echocardiography. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE:Gandhi S. Effect of isometric hand grip exercise training on cardiovascular and echocardiographic parameters among healthy young males.

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Cardiovascular Responses to Strength Training

Cited by 7 publications

References 77 publications

Acute mechanical, physiological and perceptual responses in older men to traditional-set or different cluster-set configuration resistance training protocols

Acute mechanical, physiological and perceptual responses in older men to traditional-set or different cluster-set configuration resistance training protocols

Unilateral bicep curl hemodynamics: Low‐pressure continuous vs high‐pressure intermittent blood flow restriction

Effect of Isometric Hand Grip Exercise Training on Cardiovascular and Echocardiographic Parameters Among Healthy Young Males

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