Cardiovascular responses to light isometric and aerobic exercise in 21- and 59-year-old males

Boutcher, Stephen H.; Stocker, Dean

doi:10.1007/s004210050585

Cited by 20 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These findings are age dependent because the two major autoregulation activating factors (BP changes and pCO 2 ) did not differ in both investigated groups. However, it must be mentioned that the heart rate in both groups differed in common with other ergometer exercise studies in healthy elderly subjects [25]. Presumably, the sympathetic influence is less pronounced in the older group, but the cardiovascular system is under greater haemodynamic stress [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed Cerebrovascular Autoregulatory Response to Ergometer Exercise in Normotensive Elderly Humans

Heckmann

Brown²,

Cheregi³

et al. 2003

Cerebrovasc Dis

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Background: Relatively little is known about physiological cerebrovascular haemodynamics during physical stress in elderly healthy individuals. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ergometer stress on cerebrovascular haemodynamics in elderly healthy individuals in comparison with young healthy individuals, using non-invasive methods. Methods: Continuous middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (CBFV; transcranial Doppler ultrasound), beat-to-beat blood pressure, heart rate and transcutaneous pCO₂ were measured in response to 3 min ergometer exercise stress in 18 elderly healthy subjects (mean age ± SD 66.5 ± 5.8 years) and 18 healthy young subjects (mean age ± SD 29.4 ± 4.7 years). Pulsatility index (PI) was used as a parameter for cerebrovascular resistance. The subjects were in a supine position with an elevated trunk and performed exercise by pedalling on an ergometer, generating 75–100 W. Statistical analysis was carried out using MANOVA, a general linear model with repeated measures. Results: In both groups, blood pressure increased significantly (p < 0.001) with time during exercise, with no significant differences between the groups or regarding interaction (time sequence/group factor). Heart rate increased significantly with time during exercise (p < 0.001) and was significantly more prominent (p = 0.002) and prolonged (p < 0.001) in the young group. pCO₂ did not differ with time or between the groups and with regard to interaction. Mean CBFV (MFV) increased significantly during time (p < 0.001). Between the groups, there was no significant difference (p = 0.836), but with regard to interaction (time sequence/group factor), there was a significant delay in MFV increase in the group of young subjects (p = 0.002). The PI, a measure of cerebrovascular resistance, increased significantly with time without significant differences between the groups (p = 0.061), but was significantly delayed in the elderly regarding the interaction time sequence/group factor (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The cerebrovascular changes during ergometer exercise may reflect the combined activation of the cerebrovascular autoregulative mechanisms (predominantly neurogenic and myogenic). In healthy normotensive elderly subjects, cerebral autoregulatory capacity is retained but delayed in response to ergometer stress compared with young healthy subjects. We speculate that these findings may contribute to a higher risk of cerebral hypoperfusion in the elderly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed Cerebrovascular Autoregulatory Response to Ergometer Exercise in Normotensive Elderly Humans

Heckmann

Brown²,

Cheregi³

et al. 2003

Cerebrovasc Dis

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“…Mesmo em trabalho intenso, a FC não costuma ultrapassar 70% da FC máx, o que tende a induzir um duplo-produto de baixo risco cardíaco (14,27,40). Entre as adaptações crónicas mais importantes decorrentes da práti-ca regular de exercícios de força, podem ser mencionadas a possível redução da FC (30) e da PA de repouso (41) e, principalmente, a menor sobrecarga cardíaca durante o exercício, com menor DP associado (10,46,48,50). Por estas razões, acumulam-se os pareceres e recomendações em que o treinamento da força é indicado para indivíduos com ou sem doença cardiovascular.…”

Section: Considerações Finais E Conclusãounclassified

Respostas de frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial e duplo-produto ao exercício contra-resistência: uma revisão da literatura

Polito¹,

Farinatti²

2003

RPCD

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RESUMOO objetivo do estudo foi revisar as respostas -agudas e decorrentes de adaptações crónicas -de frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial e duplo-produto ao exercício contra-resistência (ECR). As respostas agudas de frequência cardíaca parecem associar-se diretamente ao número de repetições do exercício. Embora as respostas crónicas sejam mais acentuadas em decorrência do exercício aeróbio, o treinamento com ECR pode contribuir para a redução da frequência cardíaca de repouso. O comportamento agudo da pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica parece depender mais da intensidade do exercício do que do tipo (contra-resistência ou aeróbio). Apesar do ECR poder induzir aumentos agudos importantes na pressão arterial, a exposição crónica não resulta em elevações dos valores de repouso. Ao contrário, estudos apontam que o treinamento com ECR pode reduzir os valores pressóricos de repouso e em exercícios com cargas sub--máximas. Finalmente, o duplo-produto no ECR parece ser menor do que no exercício aeróbio, devido ao curto tempo de exposição ao esforço. Além disso, há evidências de que a manipulação das variáveis associadas ao treinamento, além da relação carga-repetições, pode ter impacto sobre as respostas cardiovasculares agudas. Isso deveria ser considerado em situações de treinamento para pessoas que necessitem de cuidados especiais em relação às respostas cardiovasculares durante o exercício.Palavras-chave: força muscular, fisiologia cardiovascular, treinamento, exercício, saúde.ABSTRACT Heart-rate, blood pressure, and rate pressure product during resistive exercises: a review of the literature

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“…Understanding the pressor response during dynamic resistance exercise using large muscle groups is essential for exercise prescription. However, most previous studies have focused on static resistance exercise (11,12,16,33), and have provided little information regarding the cardiovascular response during dynamic resistance exercise (10), or the interaction between age and BP response to dynamic resistance exercise using large muscle groups. We found that pressor responses during dynamic resistance exercise at relative intensities were lower in middle-aged than in young men, suggesting that the BP response to dynamic resistance exercise may be attenuated with advancing age despite age-associated arterial stiffening.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuated Increases in Blood Pressure by Dynamic Resistance Exercise in Middle-Aged Men

et al. 2008

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The present study was performed to test the hypothesis that the blood pressure (BP) response to resistance exercise in middle-aged men with stiffening arteries is greater than that in young men with compliant arteries. The BP responses to acute dynamic resistance exercise (leg press) at individual relative (low, moderate and high) and absolute intensities were investigated in both young and middle-aged men. A total of 21 sedentary healthy normotensive men, 21-25 years of age (young) and 41-59 years of age (middle-aged), were included in the study. At rest, the arterial compliance (simultaneous ultrasound and applanation tonometry) and muscle strength (leg press) were lower, and indices of arterial stiffness and BP were higher in the middle-aged men than in the young men (p <0.05). There were no significant differences in height, body mass, or heart rate between the two groups. During exercise, the systolic BP of the middle-aged men at 80% onerepetition maximum (1RM) was significantly lower than that of the young men for the last half of the exercise

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Cardiovascular responses to light isometric and aerobic exercise in 21- and 59-year-old males

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Delayed Cerebrovascular Autoregulatory Response to Ergometer Exercise in Normotensive Elderly Humans

Delayed Cerebrovascular Autoregulatory Response to Ergometer Exercise in Normotensive Elderly Humans

Respostas de frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial e duplo-produto ao exercício contra-resistência: uma revisão da literatura

Attenuated Increases in Blood Pressure by Dynamic Resistance Exercise in Middle-Aged Men

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