Cardiovascular responses induced by the activation of muscarinic receptors of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in anesthetized rats

Alikhani, Vida; Nikyar, Tahereh; Mohebbati, Reza; Shafei, Mohammad Naser; Ghorbani, Atiyeh

doi:10.1080/10641963.2021.2007944

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…The PAG innervates regions surrounded by the nucleus ambiguous 2 and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) containing cardio vagal neurons. [51][52][53] NO has been found to interact with some other neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, 20 glutamate, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in several areas of the brain. [54][55][56] Since glutamate in the dmPAG has been observed to have a cardiovascular effect, 57 its interaction with NO may inhibit cardiovascular effects in the dmPAG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of nitric oxide in the dorsomedial periaqueductal gray (dmPAG) column in cardiovascular responses in urethane‐anesthetized male rats

Najaftomaraei

Ghorbani

Rahimi

et al. 2022

Anim Models and Exp Med

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Background The dorsomedial periaqueductal gray (dmPAG) is a mesencephalic area and has numerous functions including cardiovascular regulation. Because nitric oxide (NO) is present in the dmPAG, here we investigate, the probable cardiovascular effect of NO in the dmPAG. Methods Five groups (n = 6 for each group) were used as follows: (1) control; (2) L‐NAME (NG‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester, a NO synthase inhibitor, 90 nmol); (3) L‐arginine (L‐Arg, a precursor for NO, 60 nmol); (4) Sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor, 27 nmol); and (5) L‐Arg + L‐NAME. The cardiovascular parameters were recorded by a Power Lab device after cannulation of the femoral artery. Drugs were injected using a stereotaxic instrument. The changes (∆) in systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) were calculated at different times and compared to the control group. Results Microinjection of L‐NAME significantly increased ∆SBP, ∆MAP, and ∆HR more than saline (from p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). L‐Arg only significantly increased ∆HR (p < 0.05). In the L‐Arg + L‐NAME group, the above parameters also significantly increased (from p < 0.01 to p < 0.05) but not as significantly as with L‐NAME alone. Microinjection of SNP significantly decreased ∆SBP and ∆MAP more than in the control and L‐NAME groups (from p < 0.01 to p < 0.001), but ∆HR did not change significantly. Conclusion The results indicated that NO in dmPAG has an inhibitory effect on cardiovascular responses in anesthetized rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is possible that the nitrergic system of the dmPAG via these areas could result in cardiovascular regulation. The PAG innervates regions surrounded by the nucleus ambiguous 2 and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) containing cardio vagal neurons 51–53 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%