“…Most recently, we have shown that a brief period of exercise increased absorption, as well as clearance (CL) and volume of distribution (Vd) of diltiazem (DTZ) after subcutaneous (sc) injection in rats [35]. In addition, exercise can also enhance the cardiovascular protective effect of DTZ [36]. These effects are likely to be individual and therapy specific, and at the current levels of physical activity recommended, not likely to have a significant impact in routine clinical practice.…”