Cardiovascular Medications and Risk of Cancer

Ocampo, Norela; Tafreshi, Javad; Hauschild, Christopher; Pai, Ramdas G.

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.05.041

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…It is also possible that diabetes may act in concert with calcium channel blockers to increase cancer risk. It is reassuring, given recent controversies (41), that we did not find an association between renin-angiotensin blocking drugs and cancer in our cohort. The inverse association between total serum cholesterol and colorectal cancer risk observed in our cohort is not novel outside the context of diabetes (42,43,44) and may reflect preclinical effects of malignancies on cholesterol absorption, transport, metabolism and/or utilisation (44,45).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Incidence and predictors of all-cause and site-specific cancer in type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study

Magliano

Davis

Shaw

et al. 2012

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: To explore the relationship between diabetes and cancer. Design: The Fremantle Diabetes Study (FDS) was a community-based longitudinal observational study of 1426 subjects, 1294 of which had type 2 diabetes. Methods: The FDS type 2 cohort and four age-, sex-and postcode-matched controls per case were followed for cancer events from 1993 until mid-2010 and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated. Competing risks proportional hazards models generated risk factors for incident cancers in the diabetic group. Results: There were 309 first cancers over 13 051 patient-years, or 2368 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2111-2647)/100 000 patient-years in the diabetes patients vs 1131 over 60 324 patient-years (1875 (1769-1987)/100 000 patient-years) in the controls. For those aged R45 years, the risk of all-cause cancer was elevated in type 2 diabetic men (IRRs 1.23, 95% CI 1.04-1.45) and women (1.30, 1.06-1.59). The incidence of colorectal cancer was increased (1.36, 1.01-1.82), especially in diabetic men aged 75-84 years (2.14, 1.22-3.64). Age at diabetes diagnosis (sub-hazard ratio 1.05, 1.02-1.09), calcium channel blocker therapy (2.37, 1.39-4.06), recent exercise (2.11, 1.06-4.20) and serum total cholesterol (0.68, 0.52-0.88) increased colorectal cancer risk. Pancreatic cancer was also more frequent in the diabetic patients (IRR 2.26,. Diabetic men and women had similar risks of prostate and breast cancer to those of controls (0.83, 0.59-1.14 and 0.86, 0.52-1.36). Conclusions: Type 2 diabetes is associated with a moderately increased cancer risk in well-characterised community-based patients, especially pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer in older men. Recommended cancer screening should be considered as part of routine diabetes management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Incidence and predictors of all-cause and site-specific cancer in type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study

Magliano

Davis

Shaw

et al. 2012

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Some cardiovascular medications may contribute to the occurrence of malignancy (21). Calcium channel blockers (11) and digoxin (22) seem unlikely culprits as none of these agents occupies a central role in the treatment of HF, and their use has declined over time while the risk of cancer has been increasing (23,24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients With Heart Failure Have an Increased Risk of Incident Cancer

Hasin

Gerber

McNallan

et al. 2013

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

190

156

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Objective To evaluate the risk of cancer in patients with heart failure (HF) compared to community controls and its impact on outcome. Background HF is associated with excess morbidity and mortality. Non-cardiac causes of adverse outcomes in HF are increasingly recognized but not fully characterized. Methods In a case-control study, we compared history of cancer among community subjects newly diagnosed with HF from 1979–2002 to age-, sex-, and date-matched community controls without HF (961 pairs). Individuals without cancer at index (596 pairs) were followed for cancer in a cohort design, and the survival of HF patients who developed cancer was assessed. Results Before index, 22% of HF cases and 23% of controls had a history of cancer (odds ratio 0.94; 95% CI 0.75–1.17). During 9,203 person-years of follow-up [mean (SD), 7.7 (6.4) years], 244 new cancer cases were identified; HF patients had a 68% higher risk of developing cancer [hazard ratio (HR) 1.68; 95% CI 1.13–2.50] adjusted for body mass index, smoking and comorbidities. The HRs were similar for men and women with a trend toward a stronger association among subjects ≤75 years (P=0.22) and during the most recent time period (P=0.075). Among HF cases, incident cancer increased the risk of death (HR 1.56; 95% CI 1.22–1.99) adjusted for age, sex, year and comorbidities. Conclusions HF patients are at increased risk of cancer, which appears to have increased over time. Cancer increases mortality in HF underscoring the importance of non-cardiac morbidity and of cancer surveillance in the management of HF patients.

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“…A possible link between CVD and BCa has been proposed in the past few years, although no conclusive evidence has been established yet [ 7 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. A significant overlap in epidemiology and modifiable risk factors would prove how both the screening and management of certain chronic conditions can reduce the downstream risk of both cardiovascular disease and incident BCa [ 9 , 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bladder Cancer and Risk Factors: Data from a Multi-Institutional Long-Term Analysis on Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Incidence

Barone

Finati

Cinelli

et al. 2023

JPM

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Background: Bladder cancer (BCa) is a heterogeneous disease with a variable prognosis and natural history. Cardiovascular disease (CVD), although completely different, has several similarities and possible interactions with cancer. The association between them is still unknown, but common risk factors between the two suggest a shared biology. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study that included patients who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor at two high-volume institutions. Depending on the presence of a previous history of CVD or not, patients were divided into two groups. Results: A total of 2050 patients were included, and 1638 (81.3%) were diagnosed with bladder cancer. Regarding comorbidities, the most common were hypertension (59.9%), cardiovascular disease (23.4%) and diabetes (22.4%). At univariate analysis, independent risk factors for bladder cancer were age and male sex, while protective factors were cessation of smoking and presence of CVD. All these results, except for ex-smoker status, were confirmed at the multivariate analysis. Another analysis was performed for patients with high-risk bladder cancer and, in this case, the role of CVD was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Our study pointed out a positive association between CVD and BCa incidence; CVD was an independent protective factor for BCa. This effect was not confirmed for high-risk tumors. Several biological and genomics mechanisms clearly contribute to the onset of both diseases, suggesting a possible shared disease pathway and highlighting the complex interplay of cancer and CVD. CVD treatment can involve different drugs with a possible effect on cancer incidence, but, to date, findings are still inconclusive.

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Cardiovascular Medications and Risk of Cancer

Cited by 11 publications

References 66 publications

Incidence and predictors of all-cause and site-specific cancer in type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study

Incidence and predictors of all-cause and site-specific cancer in type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study

Patients With Heart Failure Have an Increased Risk of Incident Cancer

Bladder Cancer and Risk Factors: Data from a Multi-Institutional Long-Term Analysis on Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Incidence

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