Cardiovascular manifestations of people living with HIV/AIDS: Report from a hot spot in eastern India

Mishra, Debakanta; Singh, Dhyan

doi:10.1016/j.ihj.2019.09.006

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Diagnosis of ischemic heart disease was made after the echocardiographic nding of pathologic contraction (regional wall motion abnormality) was seen in 22.2%. This is higher than most previous studies which reported regional wall motion abnormality from 1 % to 23.2% (7,9,10,21,27). This large difference could be explained by the exclusion of patients with known ischemic heart disease except in two of the studies which had the higher prevalence of 13.5% and 23.2% which is close to our nding (9,10).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Studies from Congo and Cameroon showed prevalence of effusion of 20.4% and 46.5% respectively, showing very high prevalence in Africa (31,32). Others reported prevalence of as low as 4% to 16.6% (7,8,10,21,27,30,33,34) and in one study only two patients had pericardial effusion (35). There is a difference of the participants of the studies with some including patients with profound immunosuppression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…There is a difference of the participants of the studies with some including patients with profound immunosuppression. Pericardial effusion is seen mainly in patients with lower CD4 counts (10,21,27,33). The pathophysiology includes pericarditis caused by the virus and opportunistic infections such as Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Cryptococcus…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Echocardiographic Findings and Associated Factors in HIV Infected Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Woldeyes

Mulatu

Ephrem

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Non-communicable diseases including cardiovascular diseases are becoming an important part of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) care. Echocardiography is a useful non-invasive tool to assess for cardiac disease and different echocardiographic abnormalities have been seen previously. Available evidence on the echocardiographic abnormalities in Ethiopia is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the echocardiographic abnormalities in HIV infected patients and factors associated with the findings.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 285 patients with HIV infection including collection of clinical and echocardiographic data. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between echocardiographic abnormalities and associated factors with variables with a p-value of < 0.05 in the multivariate model considered statistically significant.Results: Diastolic dysfunction was the most common abnormality seen in 30.1% of the participants followed by regional wall motion abnormality (22.2%), left ventricular hypertrophy (10.3%), enlarged left atrium (8.1%), pulmonary hypertension (3.5%) and pericardial effusion (2.1%). Almost all patients had normal left ventricle systolic function. Diastolic dysfunction was independently associated with increasing age, elevated blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy while regional wall motion abnormality was associated with male gender, increasing age and abnormal fasting blood glucose. Left ventricular hypertrophy was associated with increasing age and blood pressure and the later was associated with left atrial enlargement. The level of immunosuppression did not affect echocardiography findings. Conclusions: A high prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities was found and included diastolic dysfunction, regional wall motion abnormality, left ventricular hypertrophy and left atrial enlargement. Male gender, age above 50 years, elevated blood pressure and elevated fasting blood glucose were associated with echocardiographic abnormalities. Appropriate screening and treatment of echocardiographic abnormalities is needed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Echocardiographic Findings and Associated Factors in HIV Infected Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Woldeyes

Mulatu

Ephrem

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…the gender differentiation was also at par with technical report , where 42% of total HIV pts are in india were females and 58% males in our study chest x-ray revealed cardiomegaly in 35 (25.5%) patients. Different other studies shows variations in the findings like Saritabajaj et al (11) showed cardiomegaly in 40.78% , akinbami et al (12) -6.86% , shyam Chaudhry et al (13) -11%, Trinathkumarmishra et al (14) -8%, Raman kumarsharma et al (15) (16) suggested up to 57% of asymptomatic HIV infected patients with baseline ECG 3). This is consistent with the recent results obtained by ramankumar Sharma et al (15) and Kumar skk et al (17) , Shyam Chaudhary et al (13) have also made similar conclusion when comparing the two groups of patients using a CD4 count cutoff of 350/mL.…”

Section: Inclusion Criteria-mentioning

confidence: 88%

Cardiovascular Manifestations in Hiv Positive Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Central India

Shukla

Malhotra

Lakra

2021

IJMBS

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Background: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the major public health problem in india .HIV estimates report (2019)(1) of the Government, India is estimated to have around 23.49 lakh people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) in 2019 . in Chhattisgarh it is 42520&HIV incidence per 1,000 uninfected population is 0.1 .with the recent advancements in therapy early mortality in HIV cases are significantly reduced but cardiovascular abnormalities are frequently seen as the disease progress and is associated with decreased quality of life. Aims and objective: To know the pattern and prevalence of various cardiovascular manifestations in HIV positive patients and its association with CD4 count, WHO stage of disease and ART Material and Methods: for the period of 1.3 years from JANUARY 2019 TO APRIL 2020studyis conducted in the Department of Medicine, PT.JNM Medical College and Dr. BRAMH, Raipur. A total of 137 HIV positive patients of age>18 years, all are on ART are included.patients included in the study underwent detailed history taking, clinical examination and investigations. Details of the history, clinical examination and investigations were noted in the proforma. The cardiovascular examination in the form of chest x-ray, ECG, 2D echocardiography and NT-ProBNP was done and their correlationswith CD4 count and WHO disease stage is studied accordingly. Electrocardiogram, chest x-ray and 2D echocardiography was done immediately following blood investigation. Result: Majority (45.25%) of the patients involved in this study were in age group of 31-45 year with the overall average mean age of 38.86 years. Male to female ratio was 3.1:1. On x-ray cardiomegaly found in 25.5% pts baseline ECG abnormalitities seen in 47.4% pts . echocardiographic abnormality seen in 56.2% pts .The commonest finding in our study is valvular abnormalities in 55 pts (40.1%) followed by diastolic dysfunction in 45 pts(32.8%). Other less common cardiac manifestations in decreasing order of frequency were reduced LVEF in 33 pts(24%), pericardial effusion in 15 pts (10.9%),left ventricular hypertrophy in 13 pts (9.4%), pulmonary arterial hypertension in 10 pts (7.2%)and regional wall motion abnormality in 9 pts (6.5%). We found A strong statistical correlation found between CD4 count and pericardial effusion in 2D-ECHO (p= 0.0410023). Also strong statistical correlation (p=0.016456) is found between the WHO stage of disease and cardiomegaly, strong statistical correlation found between WHO staging of disease and QRS abnormalities (p= 0.02551) and inverted T wave (p= 0.000528), strong statistical correlation found between WHO stage of disease and pulmonary arterial hypertension in 2D-ECHO (p=0.006832). And statistical association found between WHO stage of disease and regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA) in 2D-ECHO (p=0.002541). Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that cardiovascular abnormalities in HIV infected patients are common. Cardiac involvement and cardiovascular complications are commonly seen in HIV-infected patients and can present without any clinical manifestation. The common cardiovascular manifestation seen in our study patients is valvular leaks, regional wall motion abnormality, pericardial effusion, reduced EF etc. The incidence of cardiovascular manifestations increases as the disease progresses and CD4 count decreases. Keywords: Prevalence, Cardiovascular, Abnormalities & HIV. Study Designed: Cross Sectional Observational Study.

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“…It has been previously reported that arthritis could develop in AIDS patients at any point of the course of the illness due to both direct damage by the virus and secondary opportunistic infections [172]. Moreover, due to the attack of human immune cells by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), such as CD4 for cardiovascular disease prevention, AIDS patients are exposed to a higher risk of systemic autoimmunity when compared to people without AIDS [173,174]. Apart from extremely high sensitivity, FET sensor that produced from graphene also presented advantages of its higher selectivity and quicker response over the traditional sensing technology [98].…”

Section: Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Role of Graphene/Graphene‐hybrid Nanocomposites in Antiviral Therapy

Manickam²,

et al. 2021

ChemBioEng Reviews

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The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak has affected the lives of people globally on many different levels. Whilst a few antiviral drugs have been recommended for COVID-19, there are no dedicated drugs available for this disease, yet. A virus pandemic could potentially induce severe public health threats, as well as economic and social consequences. Therefore, the discovery of effective, safe, and inexpensive antiviral agents is of great importance. Graphene has extraordinary properties. A series of successful biomedical applications involving graphene/graphene-hybrid nanocomposites (G/GHNs) have been reported in recent years, including graphene-based biosensor and related drug delivery system. This review is focused on the properties, synthesis routes, and applications of G/GHNs in antiviral therapy aiming to understand and highlight the unique properties of graphene and its derivatives, particularly for antiviral therapy, to evaluate and discuss the quality of graphene prepared via various preparation methods, to present the recent development of G/GHNs and their antiviral activities in prevention, detection and treatment, to offer perspective outlooks on the role of G/GHNs in antiviral therapy.

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Cardiovascular manifestations of people living with HIV/AIDS: Report from a hot spot in eastern India

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Echocardiographic Findings and Associated Factors in HIV Infected Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Echocardiographic Findings and Associated Factors in HIV Infected Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Cardiovascular Manifestations in Hiv Positive Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Central India

Insights into the Role of Graphene/Graphene‐hybrid Nanocomposites in Antiviral Therapy

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