Cardiovascular-Emotional Dampening

McCubbin, James A.; Merritt, Marcellus M.; Sollers, John J.; Evans, Michele K.; Zonderman, Alan B.; Lane, Richard D.; Thayer, Julian F.

doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e318235ed55

Cited by 69 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…"Super efforts" of oscillatory brain systems is due to the diffi culty in the symbolization of positive affect as a result of developing of emotional dampening during EH [5,11]. In general, we can conclude that our fi ndings suggest the hypoactivation of reward/reinforcement system combined with insuffi cient function of the brain serotonin system in not treated patients with primary EH stage I or II.…”

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confidence: 67%

Hypoactivation of Reward Motivational System in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Hypertension Grade I-II

et al. 2014

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In patients with newly diagnosed untreated grade I-II hypertension, EEG oscillations were recorded under conditions activation of the two basic motivational systems, defensive motivational system and positive reinforcement system, evoked by recall of personally meaningful emotional events. The 64-channel EEG and cardiovascular reactivity (beat-by-beat technology) were simultaneously recorded. At rest, hypertensive patients had significantly reduced platelet serotonin concentrations in comparison with healthy individuals. The patients experiencing emotional activation were characterized by significantly lower intensity of positive emotions associated with more pronounced suppression of EEG activity in the delta (2-4 Hz) and theta (ranges of frequency 4-6 and 6-8 Hz) oscillators in the parieto-occipital cortex (zones P and PO) in both hemispheres of the brain. The findings attest to insufficient function of the brain serotonin system and hypoactivation of the reward/reinforcement system in patients with primary hypertension.

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confidence: 67%

Hypoactivation of Reward Motivational System in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Hypertension Grade I-II

et al. 2014

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“…Therefore, a better understanding of BP response to stressors and aversive stimuli among healthy individuals and among those in disease states is of major theoretical and clinical importance. Nevertheless, the body of literature on BP reactions in the context of aversive settings is rather small compared to the literature discussing other autonomic measures (Dan-Glauser & Gross, 2011;Gianaros et al, 2005Gianaros et al, , 2008Gianaros et al, , 2017Gianaros, Jennings, Sheu, Derbyshire, & Matthews, 2007;Gianaros, Onyewuenyi, Sheu, Christie, & Critchley, 2012;Gray, Rylander, Harrison, Wallin, & Critchley, 2009;Jennings et al, 2004;McCubbin et al, 2011;Okon-Singer et al, 2014;Pury, McCubbin, Helfer, Galloway, & McMullen, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The few studies that examined the BP reactions to aversive pictures have provided initial evidence of a decline in BP levels in response to negative stimuli (Dan-Glauser & Gross, 2011;McCubbin et al, 2011;Okon-Singer et al, 2014;Pury et al, 2004). Based on these studies, we hypothesized that BP levels would decrease in response to negative compared to neutral pictures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood pressure reaction to negative stimuli: Insights from continuous recording and analysis

et al. 2020

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Individuals with a tendency toward abnormally enhanced cardiovascular responses to stress are at greater risk of developing essential hypertension later in life. Accurate profiling of continuous blood pressure (BP) reactions in healthy populations is crucial for understanding normal and abnormal emotional reaction patterns. To this end, we examined the continuous time course of BP reactions to aversive pictures among healthy participants. In two experiments, we showed participants negative and neutral pictures while simultaneously measuring their continuous BP and heart rate (HR) reactions. In this study, BP reactions were analyzed continuously, in contrast to previous studies, in which BP responses were averaged across blocks. To compare time points along a temporal continuum, we applied a multi‐level B‐spline model, which is innovative in the context of BP analysis. Additionally, HR was similarly analyzed in order to examine its correlation with BP. Both experiments revealed a similar pattern of BP reactivity and association with HR. In line with previous studies, a decline in BP and HR levels was found in response to negative pictures compared to neutral pictures. In addition, in both conditions, we found an unexpected elevation of BP toward the end of the stimuli exposure period. These findings may be explained by the recruitment of attention resources in the presence of negative stimuli, which is alleviated toward the end of the stimulation. This study highlights the importance of continuous measurement and analysis for characterizing the time course of BP reactivity to emotional stimuli.

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“…This causes rapid well-known dominant, autoassociative coping responses, increased selective attention, decreased responding to low salience distractor stimuli, and increased resistance to extinction (Craigmyle, N. A., unpublished data). Decreased perception of affect has also been observed (McCubbin et al, 2011). This classic stress and arousal behavior pattern (Easterbrook, 1959; Friedman et al, 1960, 1975; Zajonc, 1965; Eysenck, 1976; Geen, 1976; Geen and Gange, 1977) is consistently associated with relatively low, intermediate, phasic baseline LC activity (Aston-Jones and Cohen, 2005).…”

Section: Lc Behavior Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The beneficial effects of meditation: contribution of the anterior cingulate and locus coeruleus

Craigmyle¹

2013

Front. Psychol.

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During functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of meditation the cortical salience detecting and executive networks become active during “awareness of mind wandering,” “shifting,” and “sustained attention.” The anterior cingulate (AC) is activated during “awareness of mind wandering.” The AC modulates both the peripheral sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the central locus coeruleus (LC) norepinephrine systems, which form the principal neuromodulatory system, regulating in multiple ways both neuronal and non-neuronal cells to maximize adaptation in changing environments. The LC is the primary source of central norepinephrine (C-NE) and nearly the exclusive source of cortical norepinephrine. Normally activated by novel or salient stimuli, the AC initially inhibits the SNS reflexively, lowering peripheral norepinephrine and activates the LC, increasing C-NE. Moderate levels of C-NE enhance working memory through alpha 2 adrenergic receptors, while higher levels of C-NE, acting on alpha 1 and beta receptors, enhance other executive network functions such as the stopping of ongoing behavior, attentional set-shifting, and sustained attention. The actions of the AC on both the central and peripheral noradrenergic systems are implicated in the beneficial effects of meditation. This paper will explore some of the known functions and interrelationships of the AC, SNS, and LC with respect to their possible relevance to meditation.

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Cardiovascular-Emotional Dampening

Cited by 69 publications

References 36 publications

Hypoactivation of Reward Motivational System in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Hypertension Grade I-II

Hypoactivation of Reward Motivational System in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Hypertension Grade I-II

Blood pressure reaction to negative stimuli: Insights from continuous recording and analysis

The beneficial effects of meditation: contribution of the anterior cingulate and locus coeruleus

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