Cardiovascular effects of smoking cigarettes with different nicotine deliveries

Abstract

The purpose of this investigation was to assess the impact of smoking cigarettes with different nicotine deliveries on the subcutaneous blood vessels at different sites of the body. Individual puffing behavior, estimated mouth intake of nicotine, and some personality traits were taken into account. Each of 15 female smokers was presented with four different smoking conditions in order to vary the nicotine uptake. Heart rate and five photoplethysmographic recordings were taken simultaneously and continuously. The heart rate increases were dependent on the individual mouth intake of nicotine. The smoking-induced decreases in the pulse amplitudes failed to show a significant dependency on the nicotine dose. However, the vasoconstrictive response to nicotine was considerable with the finger recordings, modest with the foot recordings, and absent with the forehead and the ear recordings. Furthermore, the magnitude of this vascular response at the finger correlated positively with personality traits of neuroticism, suggesting an explanation for the poor correlations with the dose of nicotine.

The involvement of nervous and some inflammatory response mechanisms in the acute snuff‐induced gingival hyperaemia in humans

“…As noted in our earlier experiments, and also found by others in response to tobacco (Suter et al. 1983, Meekin et al.…”

“…However, when discussing the effects of nicotine on blood flow, one should keep in mind that cutaneous vasoconstriction is not necessarily accompanied by vasoconstriction in mucosal tissues like the gingiva. Nicotine may actually trigger opposite changes in blood flow in different parts of the body (Suter et al. 1983, Meekin et al.…”

The effects of smoking high nicotine cigarettes on prepulse inhibition, startle latency, and subjective responses

“…Finally, the findings that high doses of nicotine increased heart rate, increased the hedonic value of the cigarettes, and decreased subjective craving, are consistent with other studies (e.g., Suter et al 1983;West and Russell 1987;Baldinger et al 1995). A common problem in investigations of the effects of high nicotine cigarettes versus control cigarettes is that these control cigarettes often differ in terms of tar and CO (Pritchard et al 1996).…”

Effects of smoking deprivation on smoking behavior and heart rate response in high and low CO absorbing smokers

“…This has been related to an enhanced nicotine dependence by Fagerstr6m and Bates (1981) and Kozlowski et al (1981). However, under nondeprived conditions high and low CO absorbing smokers failed to significantly differ with respect to their heart rate response to smoking (Nil et al 1986b), a reaction which is often discussed as an estimation of nicotine intake (Suter et al 1983;Hopkins et al 1984). The present experiment thus tested whether this might be due to a differential degree of heart rate tolerance to smoking nicotine, as was suggested by Pomerleau et al (1983) to be the case in smokers classified according to their plasma cotinine levels.…”