Cardiovascular diseases and metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity: What is the role of inflammatory responses? A systematic review

Hamjane, Nadia; Benyahya, Fatiha; Nourouti, Naima Ghailani; Mechita, Mohcine Bennani; Barakat, Amina

doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104023

Cited by 58 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…However, being overweight would be a very important factor for critical illness in patients with COVID-19. A meta-analysis indicated an association of obesity [ 25 ] with immune responses that are characterized by chronic systemic inflammation, which plays a crucial role in the development of various metabolic abnormalities related to obesity. However, in elderly patients, being underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m 2 ) may be important, as shown in critically ill patients in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors significantly associated with COVID-19 severity in symptomatic patients: A retrospective single-center study

Hirashima

Arai

Kitajima

et al. 2021

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy

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Introduction The severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Japanese patients is unreported. We retrospectively examined significant factors associated with disease severity in symptomatic COVID-19 patients (COVID-Pts) admitted to our institution between February 20 and April 30, 2020. Methods All patients were diagnosed based on the genetic detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Information on the initial symptoms, laboratory data, and computed tomography (CT) images at hospitalization were collected from the patients’ records. COVID-Pts were categorized as those with critical or severe illness (Pts-CSI) or those with moderate or mild illness (Pt-MMI). All statistical analyses were performed using R software. Results Data from 61 patients (16 Pt–CSI, 45 Pt-MMI), including 58 Japanese and three East Asians, were analyzed. Pt–CSI were significantly older and had hypertension or diabetes than Pt-MMI ( P < 0.001, 0.014 and < 0.001, respectively). Serum albumin levels were significantly lower in Pt–CSI than in Pt-MMI ( P < 0.001), whereas the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and C-reactive protein level were significantly higher in Pt–CSI than in Pt-MMI ( P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). In the CT images of 60 patients, bilateral lung lesions were more frequently observed in Pt–CSI than in Pt-MMI ( P = 0.013). Among the 16 Pt–CSI, 15 received antiviral therapy, 12 received tocilizumab, five underwent methylprednisolone treatment, six received mechanical ventilation, and one died. Conclusions The illness severity of Japanese COVID-Pts was associated with older age, hypertension and/or diabetes, low serum albumin, high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and C-reactive protein.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors significantly associated with COVID-19 severity in symptomatic patients: A retrospective single-center study

Hirashima

Arai

Kitajima

et al. 2021

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy

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“…The first of these is the broad range of metabolic alterations seen in many individuals with obesity, including alterations in inflammatory activity, lipid, hepatic enzyme and endocrine profiles [78]. As these changes arise from a distinct pathway involving the release of specific molecules from adipose tissue, they may act synergistically with the changes seen in depression to enhance adverse outcomes [79]. Second, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE-2), which is highly expressed in adipose tissue, acts as a receptor for the entry of SARS-CoV-2; this may lead to an increased risk of infection as well as of severe outcomes in patients with COVID-19 [80].…”

Section: Mechanisms Linking Depression and Obesity With Covid-19 Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-National Variations in COVID-19 Mortality: The Role of Diet, Obesity and Depression

Rajkumar

2021

Diseases

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been characterized by wide variations in mortality across nations. Some of this variability may be explained by medical comorbidities such as obesity and depression, both of which are strongly correlated with dietary practices such as levels of sugar and seafood consumption. Methods: COVID-19 mortality indices for 156 countries were obtained from the Johns Hopkins University’s data aggregator. Correlations between these variables and (a) per capita consumption of sugar and seafood, and (b) country-wise prevalence of depression and obesity were examined. Results: Sugar consumption (r = 0.51, p < 0.001) and prevalence of obesity (r = 0.66, p < 0.001) and depression (r = 0.56, p < 0.001) were positively correlated with crude mortality rates, while seafood consumption was negatively correlated with the infection fatality rate (r = −0.28, p = 0.015). These effects were significant even after correcting for potential confounders. The associations with depression and obesity remained significant upon multivariate regression. Conclusions: Both obesity and depression, which are associated with inflammatory dysregulation, may be related to cross-national variations in COVID-19 mortality, while seafood consumption may be protective. These findings have implications in terms of protecting vulnerable individuals during the current pandemic.

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“…Several definitions of MS have emerged over the years, showing, however, some variations concerning the criteria and reference values of the metabolic parameters involved. [1][2][3][4] There are several diagnostic consensuses for MS, but most include cardiometabolic risk factors, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, insulin resistance, and pro-inflammatory state. The National Cholesterol Education Program ATP III criteria (NCEP ATP III) require the presence of any three of the following five conditions: abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, low levels of HDL-c, high levels of serum triglycerides, and high blood pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Association of Metabolic Syndrome and Hyperferritinemia in Patients at Cardiovascular Risk</p>

Togfano

Pescinni-Salzedas

Chagas

et al. 2020

DMSO

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Aim: To evaluate the association between parameters of hyperferritinemia (HF) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients at cardiovascular risk. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical observational study that included 269 patients who attended a cardiology unit. Biochemical and anthropometric parameters were evaluated to identify the presence of HF and MS. The presence of MS was evaluated according to NCEP ATP III. Biochemical parameters (glycemia, triglycerides, HDL-c) were assessed according to the manufacturer's protocols. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure measurements were made by a trained professional. The chi-square (X 2) test, odds ratio, normality distribution (verified by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test), and Levene's test were used to analyze the variables. To evaluate the effect of MS, HF, and the interaction between MS and HF, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed based on the homogeneity of the variances, followed by Bonferroni's post hoc comparisons. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between quantitative variables. A multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the effect of covariables. A logistic regression model was built to analyze the variables that contribute significantly to predict the outcome (HF) using the backward method. Results: Our results showed that 57% of men and 49.5% of women presented with MS; 44% of men and 11% of women presented with HF. The presence of MS and hypertriglyceridemia increase the probability of having HF by up to 2.1 and 1.88 times, respectively, while for male sex it is increased by 6.2 times. Patients with HF have higher values of C-reactive protein, ferritin, and transferrin saturation, regardless of the presence of MS. The linear regression analysis model indicated that the variables considered in this study explain less than 30% of the variation in ferritin and that the presence of MS in men is responsible for 22% of the variation in the probability of the occurrence of HF. Conclusion: Our results show that hyperferritinemia is closely associated with the components of MS (positive correlation with glycemia, triglycerides levels, blood pressure, and waist circumference, and negative correlation with HDL-c values) in the studied population.

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Cardiovascular diseases and metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity: What is the role of inflammatory responses? A systematic review

Cited by 58 publications

References 194 publications

Factors significantly associated with COVID-19 severity in symptomatic patients: A retrospective single-center study

Factors significantly associated with COVID-19 severity in symptomatic patients: A retrospective single-center study

Cross-National Variations in COVID-19 Mortality: The Role of Diet, Obesity and Depression

<p>Association of Metabolic Syndrome and Hyperferritinemia in Patients at Cardiovascular Risk</p>

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