Cardiovascular disease risk factors in 2 distinct ethnic groups: Indian and Pakistani compared with American premenopausal women

Kamath, Savitri K.; Hussain, Ejaz; Amin, Daxa; Mortillaro, E.; West, B.; Peterson, Charles T.; Aryee, F; Murillo, Genoveva; Alekel, D. Lee

doi:10.1093/ajcn/69.4.621

Cited by 88 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…9 A few investigators have shown that adult South Asian and Asian Indians of both sexes have thicker truncal skinfolds than Caucasians. 30,31 Interestingly, as compared to Caucasians, greater truncal skinfold thickness in adult Asian Insulin resistance in postpubertal Asian Indian children A Misra et al…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of insulin resistance in postpubertal Asian Indian children is associated with adverse truncal body fat patterning, abdominal adiposity and excess body fat

et al. 2004

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OBJECTIVE:The objectives were to study the relationships of insulin resistance with generalized and abdominal obesity, and body fat patterning in urban postpubertal Asian Indian children. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, population-based epidemiological study. SUBJECTS: In all, 250 (155 males and 95 females) healthy urban postpubertal children. MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometric profile, percentage of body fat (%BF), fasting serum insulin, and lipoprotein profile. RESULTS: Fasting insulin correlated significantly with body mass index (BMI), %BF, waist circumference (WC), central and peripheral skinfold thicknesses and sum of four skinfold thicknesses ( P 4SF) in both sexes, and with systolic blood pressure and waist-to hip circumference ratio (W-HR) in males only. Consistent increase in fasting insulin was noted with increasing values of central skinfold thickness at each tertile of peripheral skinfold thickness, WC, and %BF. Central skinfold thickness correlated with fasting insulin even after adjusting for WC, W-HR, and %BF. The odds ratios (OR) (95% CI) of hyperinsulinemia (fasting insulin concentrations in the highest quartile) were 4.7 (2.4-9.4) in overweight subjects, 8 (4.1-15.5) with high %BF, 6.4 (3.2-12.9) with high WC, 3.7 (1.9-7.3) with high W-HR, 6.8 (3.3-13.9) with high triceps skinfold thickness, 8 (4.1-15.7) with high subscapular skinfold thickness, and 10.1 (5-20.5) with high P 4SF. In step-wise multiple logistic regression analysis, %BF [OR (95% CI): 3.2 (1.4-7.8)] and ?4SF [OR (95% CI): 4.5 (1.8-11.3)] were independent predictors of hyperinsulinemia, similar to insulin resistance assessed by HOMA (homeostatic model of assessment) in the study. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of insulin resistance in postpubertal urban Asian Indian children was associated with excess body fat, abdominal adiposity, and excess truncal subcutaneous fat. Primary prevention strategies for coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus in Asian Indians should focus on the abnormal body composition profile in childhood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of insulin resistance in postpubertal Asian Indian children is associated with adverse truncal body fat patterning, abdominal adiposity and excess body fat

et al. 2004

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“…Lower physical activity scores have been reported in South Asians compared with white populations [89][90][91][92]. South Asians appear to ignore the beneficial effects of exercise and a lack of guidance from their physicians might partly account for this [93].…”

Section: Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elevated Lp(a) concentrations appear to promote atherothrombosis by inhibiting fibrinolysis and are associated with increased risk of CHD and stroke [139][140][141]. South Asians had higher (as much as 3-fold) concentrations of Lp(a) than whites [7,89,142]. Ethnicity was the single most important predictor for Lp(a) levels [89].…”

Section: Lipoprotein (A) (Lp(a))mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vascular risk factors in South Asians

Τζιόμαλος

Weerasinghe

Mikhailidis

et al. 2008

International Journal of Cardiology

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“…Epidemiological studies have reported a high prevalence of MS and cardiovascular mortality among non-resident Indians settled abroad. [4][5][6] Lifestyle factors appear to play an important role as BMI, especially abdominal obesity, and dyslipidaemia worsen with urbanization and migration. [7,8] Name The increasing prevalence of BMI and a longer life expectancy are predisposing factors for a rising incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus coupled with CAD globally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Metabolic Syndrome in the South Indian Population with Coronary Artery Disease Proven By Angiography

Gopal¹,

Rani²

2016

AIMDR

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Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing in Indian population, predisposing an increased risk for the development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Methods: A case control study was conducted to assess the prevalence of MS and the association between the components of MS in 250 patients, diagnosed by angiography to have CAD (125 patients) as cases and no CAD (125 patients) as control group. MS was diagnosed based on the modified ATP III guidelines, if three or more of the following were present: abdominal obesity, hypertension, glucose intolerance, hypertriglyceridemia or low HDL-C levels. SPSS Version 15 was used for statistical analysis and Chi-square analysis was used to estimate the prevalence of MS with respect to the severity of CAD, family history of CAD and smoking history. The association between individual risk factor and outcome was estimated using univariate logistic regression. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the components of MS as a risk factor for CAD, controlling the other confounders. A P value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of MS was higher in CAD (70.4%) than in subjects without CAD (66.4%). Diabetic subjects with (88.24%) and without (87.93%) CAD had significantly higher % of MS when compared with non-diabetic subjects with CAD (49.12%) and without CAD (47.76%) (P < 0.001). Of 125 patients with CAD, 3% patients had no functional markers of MS; 11.2 % had an expression of one; 20 % had two; 32 % had three and 33.8% had four functional markers of MS. The level of MS mounted high with the increasing severity of CAD when compared with normal coronary arteries but was not statistically significant (P=0.176). The percentage of MS was higher in patients with family history of CAD (78.18%) which was statistically significant (P<0.001) and was comparatively lower in non-smokers (46.7%) and ex-smokers (62.2%) than smokers (65.2%). Conclusion: A higher prevalence of MS was observed in diabetics with and without CAD. This is suggestive of an increased risk of CAD in diabetic patients with MS than in non-diabetic patients.

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Cardiovascular disease risk factors in 2 distinct ethnic groups: Indian and Pakistani compared with American premenopausal women

Abstract: Results suggest that these Indian and Pakistani women are at higher CVD risk than their American counterparts, but that increasing their physical activity is likely to decrease overall and regional adiposity, thereby improving their serum lipid profiles.

Cited by 88 publications

References 41 publications

High prevalence of insulin resistance in postpubertal Asian Indian children is associated with adverse truncal body fat patterning, abdominal adiposity and excess body fat

High prevalence of insulin resistance in postpubertal Asian Indian children is associated with adverse truncal body fat patterning, abdominal adiposity and excess body fat

Vascular risk factors in South Asians

A Study on Metabolic Syndrome in the South Indian Population with Coronary Artery Disease Proven By Angiography

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