Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment and Prevention

Alagona, Peter; Ahmad, Tariq

doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2015.02.003

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…For example, in survivors at high risk for CVD due to past exposure to cardiotoxic treatments (eg, high dose anthracycline, chest radiotherapy) and hypertension, aggressive management of systolic blood pressure may reduce the risk of future cardiovascular events, as shown in other high risk populations. [42][43][44] For others, with multiple risk factors, a more holistic approach may be necessary such as incorporating a heart healthy lifestyle (aerobic exercise, diet modification, smoking cessation, stress management) through partnerships with primary or subspecialty (eg, cardiology, endocrinology) providers. The growing population of long-term HCT survivors (estimated to be .500 000 in the United States by 2030) 3 makes the development of novel and personalized prevention strategies imperative, to ensure that these survivors live long and healthy lives well after completion of HCT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of cardiovascular disease among hematopoietic cell transplantation survivors

Armenian¹,

Yang

Teh³

et al. 2018

Blood Advances

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• We identified distinct groups of HCT survivors at low, intermediate, and high risk of developing late-occurring CVD.• The prediction model had good discrimination across outcomes and was validated in an external cohort of HCT survivors. 2) and 2.9-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.9-4.6) risk of developing CVD (referent group: low risk). These validated models provide a framework on which to modify current screening recommendations and for the development of targeted interventions to reduce the risk of CVD after HCT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of cardiovascular disease among hematopoietic cell transplantation survivors

Armenian¹,

Yang

Teh³

et al. 2018

Blood Advances

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“…CVD is the leading cause of death globally, much more people die annually from CVD than any other causes [18]. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that there will be about 20 million CVD deaths in 2015, accounting for 30% of all deaths worldwide [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium Inhibits Homocysteine-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction and Apoptosis via Activation of AKT

Ren

Mu²,

Ma³

et al. 2016

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Endothelial cells are crucial in vascular homeostasis. Dysfunction of endothelial cells is involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). High plasma homocysteine (Hcy) correlates with CVD while selenium supplementation counteracts development of CVD. However, the underlying mechanism remained unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of selenium on homocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction. Methods: An animal model of Hcy-induced endothelial dysfunction was established by intragastric administration of L-methionine. Plasma NO and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were quantified using NO assay and ELISA kit respectively. Relaxation was measured in thoracic aortic ring assays. Cell viability and migration were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 and BioCoat cell migration chambers respectively. Cellular apoptosis was determined by Annexin V-FITC apoptosis kit. Results: Selenium prevented homocysteine-induced endothelial injury and impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation. Selenium reversed the impaired viability and migration of endothelial cells induced by homocysteine in a dose-dependent manner. Selenium inhibited the apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by homocysteine, through downregulating of Caspase-3 activity and expression of Caspase-3 and Bax, and by stimulating Bcl-2 expression. Selenium reversed the homocysteine-induced reduction of NO release, and increased the expression and phosphoylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthetase (eNOS) in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, selenium enhanced AKT phosphorylation, and selenium-induced phosphorylation and expression of eNOS were inhibited by AKT inhibition. NO production, cell viability and migration rescued by selenium were inhibited, while cell apoptosis was reversed by AKT inhibition. Conclusion: Selenium protected against homocysteine-induced dysfunction and apoptosis of endothelial cells through AKT pathway. The observations may provide novel therapeutic opportunities in the treatment of CVD.

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“…In the high ASCVD risk group, women were significantly less likely to attain their BMI goal than men. This may be attributed to several factors like high prevalence of obesity, DM, dyslipidaemia and hypertension in women compared with men in the region [26-29]. In the Gulf RACE and Gulf RACE-2, obesity, hypertension, DM and dyslipidaemia were more prevalent in women than in men and were generally treated less conservatively compared with men [26, 27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the agreement of the study findings with other studies in the region help validate our results. Further epidemiological studies are needed to estimate the prevalence of CVD risk factors in the region, to observe any changes in prevalence rate over time and to assess the effect of prevention using longitudinal data collection methods that would provide accurate statistics on CVD risk factors prevalence, including details in key population subgroups like women and children [28, 29]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease among Multinational Patient Population in the Arabian Gulf

Al‐Zakwani¹,

Almahmeed²,

Arafah³

et al. 2016

CVP

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We evaluated the control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the Centralized Pan-Middle East Survey on the undertreatment of hypercholesterolaemia (CEPHEUS) in the Arabian Gulf. Of the 4398 enrolled patients, overall mean age was 57 ± 11 years, 60% were males, 13% were smokers, 76% had diabetes, 71% had metabolic syndrome and 78% had very high ASCVD risk status. The proportion of subjects with body mass index <25 kg/m2, HbA1c <7% (in diabetics), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) <2.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) and <1.8 mmol/L (70 mg/dL) for high and very high ASCVD risk cohorts, respectively and controlled blood pressure (<140/90 mmHg) was 14, 26, 31% and 60%, respectively. Only 1.4% of the participants had all of their CVD risk factors controlled with significant differences among the countries (P < .001). CVD risk goal attainment rates were significantly lower in those with very high ASCVD risk compared with those with high ASCVD risk status (P < .001). Females were also, generally, less likely to attain goals when compared with males (P < .001).

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Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment and Prevention

Cited by 36 publications

References 43 publications

Prediction of cardiovascular disease among hematopoietic cell transplantation survivors

Prediction of cardiovascular disease among hematopoietic cell transplantation survivors

Selenium Inhibits Homocysteine-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction and Apoptosis via Activation of AKT

Control of Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease among Multinational Patient Population in the Arabian Gulf

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