Cardiovascular Disease in Aging and the Role of Oxidative Stress

Alzaïd, Fawaz; Patel, Vinood B.; Preedy, Victor R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-405933-7.00003-2

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…Ageing increases cardiovascular disease and vascular complications in association with elevated oxidative stress (Alzaid et al . ). However, as shown by transitioning from NO to H 2 O 2 as an endothelial‐derived vasodilator, signalling pathways can adapt during ageing (Widlansky & Gutterman, ; Muller‐Delp et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Advanced age protects resistance arteries of mouse skeletal muscle from oxidative stress through attenuating apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide

Norton

Sinkler

Jacobsen

et al. 2019

The Journal of Physiology

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Key pointsr Vascular oxidative stress increases with advancing age. r We hypothesized that resistance vessels develop resilience to oxidative stress to protect functional integrity and tested this hypothesis by exposing isolated pressurized superior epigastric arteries (SEAs) of old and young mice to H 2 O 2 . r H 2 O 2 -induced death was greater in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) than endothelial cells (ECs) and lower in SEAs from old vs. young mice; the rise in vessel wall [Ca 2+ ] i induced by H 2 O 2 was attenuated with ageing, as was the decline in noradrenergic vasoconstriction; genetic deletion of IL-10 mimicked the effects of advanced age on cell survival. r Inhibiting NO synthase or scavenging peroxynitrite reduced SMC death; endothelial denudation or inhibiting gap junctions increased SMC death; delocalization of cytochrome C activated caspases 9 and 3 to induce apoptosis.r Vascular cells develop resilience to H 2 O 2 during ageing by preventing Ca 2+ overload and endothelial integrity promotes SMC survival.Abstract Advanced age is associated with elevated oxidative stress and can protect the endothelium from cell death induced by H 2 O 2 . Whether such protection occurs for intact vessels or differs between smooth muscle cell (SMC) and endothelial cell (EC) layers is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that ageing protects SMCs and ECs during acute exposure to H 2 O 2 (200 µM, 50 min). Mouse superior epigastric arteries (SEAs; diameter, ß150 µm) were isolated and pressurized to 100 cmH 2 O at 37˚C. For SEAs from young (4 months) mice, H 2 O 2 killed 57% of SMCs and 11% of ECs in males vs. 8% and 2%, respectively, in females. Therefore, SEAs from males were studied to resolve the effect of ageing and experimental interventions. For old (24 months) Charles E. Norton III is currently a postdoctoral fellow in Steven Segal's laboratory at the University of Missouri, Columbia. His interest in vascular physiology developed as an undergraduate and PhD student studying mechanisms of chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension at the University of New Mexico. Dr Norton's primary interest is in understanding how chemical and electrical communication between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells modulate vasomotor tone and cell death. Currently, he is exploring how conditions of chronic oxidative stress alter resilience to apoptosis.C. E. Norton and others J Physiol 597.15 mice, SMC death was reduced to 10% with diminished accumulation of [Ca 2+ ] i in the vessel wall during H 2 O 2 exposure. In young mice, genetic deletion of IL-10 mimicked the protective effect of ageing on cell death and [Ca 2+ ] i accumulation. Whereas endothelial denudation or gap junction inhibition (carbenoxolone; 100 µM) increased SMC death, inhibiting NO synthase (L-NAME, 100 µM) or scavenging peroxynitrite (FeTPPS, 5 µM) reduced SMC death along with [Ca 2+ ] i . Despite NO toxicity via peroxynitrite formation, endothelial integrity protects SMCs. Caspase inhibition (Z-VAD-FMK, 50 µM) attenuated cell death with immunostaining for annex...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Advanced age protects resistance arteries of mouse skeletal muscle from oxidative stress through attenuating apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide

Norton

Sinkler

Jacobsen

et al. 2019

The Journal of Physiology

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“…; Suzuki and Nishizawa ), cardiovascular (Alzaid et al . ) and neurodegenerative diseases. The defense mechanisms against oxidative damages include free radical‐scavenging activity of antioxidants synthesized in the body and activity of antioxidant enzymes (Macedo et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Monomeric Anthocyanin, Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.) Peel Using Ultrasonic Treatments

Dranca

Oroian

2015

J Food Process Engineering

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Eggplant peel is a less studied source in terms of bioactive compound extraction from industrial residues, although its high content of anthocyanin and phenolic compounds is known. The method described here uses three different solvents, namely ethanol, methanol and 2-propanol, for phenol, anthocyanin and antioxidant activity extraction. The extraction yields of total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA), total phenolic compound (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) from eggplant peel were optimized by varying the frequency, temperature and time of ultrasonic treatment. The influence of interactions between process parameters on extraction efficiency was also studied. The highest concentrations achieved were 7.842 g/100g in the case of TPC (2-propanol, 45 kHz, 60°C for 40 min), 2,275 mg/kg in the case of TMA (methanol, 45 kHz, 50°C for 50 min) and 10.18 μM Trolox/kg in the case of AA (methanol, 0 kHz, 60°C for 20 min). The suitable parameters to achieve the highest concentration of antioxidants were determined for each solvent as follows: ethanol -28.8 kHz, 67.1°C and 49.5 min; methanol -45 kHz, 50°C and 53.75 min; and 2-propanol -30.6 kHz, 70°C and 60 min. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis study presents a significant improvement in eggplant peel extraction using ultrasonic-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds. During ultrasonication, the extraction of bioactive compounds in eggplant peel increases because the solvent has been energized. The ultrasound-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds is a fast, economical and green alternative to the current techniques used in the extraction industry.

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“…These adverse effects of hypoxic pregnancy on the cardiovascular system are prevented by maternal treatment with antioxidants such as vitamin C ( 27 , 28 , 53 ) or resveratrol ( 30 , 54 ), suggesting a role for oxidative stress in the developmental programming of endothelial dysfunction. As aging also involves oxidative stress ( 22 – 25 , 55 ), several studies have suggested that developmental programming of cardiovascular dysfunction by adverse intrauterine conditions may be a form of accelerated aging ( 16 – 21 ). In support of this idea, past ( 13 ) and present data show that developmental hypoxia programmed an earlier loss of endothelial function in peripheral resistance circulations in young adult offspring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergence of mechanistic pathways mediating cardiovascular aging and developmental programming of cardiovascular disease

et al. 2016

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Aging and developmental programming are both associated with oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, suggesting common mechanistic origins. However, their interrelationship has been little explored. In a rodent model of programmed cardiovascular dysfunction we determined endothelial function and vascular telomere length in young (4 mo) and aged (15 mo) adult offspring of normoxic or hypoxic pregnancy with or without maternal antioxidant treatment. We show loss of endothelial function [maximal arterial relaxation to acetylcholine (71 ± 3 vs. 55 ± 3%) and increased vascular short telomere abundance (4.2–1.3 kb) 43.0 ± 1.5 vs. 55.1 ± 3.8%) in aged vs. young offspring of normoxic pregnancy (P < 0.05). Hypoxic pregnancy in young offspring accelerated endothelial dysfunction (maximal arterial relaxation to acetylcholine: 42 ± 1%, P < 0.05) but this was dissociated from increased vascular short telomere length abundance. Maternal allopurinol rescued maximal arterial relaxation to acetylcholine in aged offspring of normoxic or hypoxic pregnancy but not in young offspring of hypoxic pregnancy. Aged offspring of hypoxic allopurinol pregnancy compared with aged offspring of untreated hypoxic pregnancy had lower levels of short telomeres (vascular short telomere length abundance 35.1 ± 2.5 vs. 48.2 ± 2.6%) and of plasma proinflammatory chemokine (24.6 ± 2.8 vs. 36.8 ± 5.5 pg/ml, P < 0.05). These data provide evidence for divergence of mechanistic pathways mediating cardiovascular aging and developmental programming of cardiovascular disease, and aging being decelerated by antioxidants even prior to birth.—Allison, B. J., Kaandorp, J. J., Kane, A. D., Camm, E. J., Lusby, C., Cross, C. M., Nevin-Dolan, R., Thakor, A. S., Derks, J. B., Tarry-Adkins, J. L., Ozanne, S. E., Giussani, D. A. Divergence of mechanistic pathways mediating cardiovascular aging and developmental programming of cardiovascular disease.

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Cardiovascular Disease in Aging and the Role of Oxidative Stress

Cited by 6 publications

References 65 publications

Advanced age protects resistance arteries of mouse skeletal muscle from oxidative stress through attenuating apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide

Advanced age protects resistance arteries of mouse skeletal muscle from oxidative stress through attenuating apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide

Total Monomeric Anthocyanin, Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.) Peel Using Ultrasonic Treatments

Divergence of mechanistic pathways mediating cardiovascular aging and developmental programming of cardiovascular disease

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