Cardiovascular Disease Behavioural Risk Factors in Rural Interventions: Cross-Sectional Study.

Abstract

Aims:This study aims to 1) assess the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) behavioural risk factors in patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) 2) identify target risk factor(s) for behaviour modification intervention, and 3) develop an analytical model to define cluster(s) of risk factors which could help make any generic intervention more targeted to the local patient population.Subject and Methods:Study patients with at least one CVD behavioural risk factors living in a rural region. The study used STROBE methodology for cross-sectional studies. Demographic and clinical data of patients (n=2025) were collected at the point of admission for PCI between 04.01.2016 to 31.12.2019. Collected data distributions were analysed by CVD behavioural risk factors for prevalence, associations, and direction of associations. Cluster definition was measured by assignment of a unit score each for overall level of prevalence and significance of associations, and general logistics modelling for direction and significance of risk.Results:The mean (SD) age was 69.47(±10.93) years [95% CI (68.99 - 69.94)]. The key risk factors were hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, and elevated body mass index (BMI). Approximately 40% of the population have multiple risk factor counts of two. Analytical measures revealed a population risk factor cluster with elevated BMI [77.5% (1570/2025)] that is mostly either hyperlipidaemic [9.43%, co-eff. (17), P=.007] or hypertensive [22.72%, co-eff. (17), P=.99] as key risk factor clusters.Conclusion:Carefully modelled analyses revealed clustered behavioural risk associated with elevated BMI. This information would support a strategy for applying targeted clusters in novel interventions to improve implementation efficiency.Conclusion: Risk factors, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and percutaneous coronary intervention.