Cardiovascular deconditioning: From autonomic nervous system to microvascular dysfunctions

Coupé, Mickael; Fortrat, J. O.; Ларина, И. М.; Gauquelin‐Koch, Guillemette; Gharib, Claude; Custaud, Marc‐Antoine

doi:10.1016/j.resp.2009.04.009

Cited by 82 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…(12) Vagal tone is an important determinant of cardiovascular health of an individual as it has profound influence on control of HR, BP & CO. Persons with poor vagal tone are more susceptible to cardiovascular diseases such as MI, heart failure, and hypertension etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pranayama on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Premenstrual Syndrome

Goyal¹,

Goyal²,

Garg³

2016

jemds

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Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) also called PMT or premenstrual tension refers to the cyclic recurrence of a combination of distressing physical, psychological or behavioural changes, during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. It is suggested that there is altered autonomic activity in the late luteal phase of their endometrial cycle. Practice of breathing exercises like pranayama is known to improve autonomic function by changing sympathetic or parasympathetic activity. AIMThe aim of study was to investigate the role of pranayama on blood pressure and heart rate in premenstrual syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODSIn this study, 50 females suffering from premenstrual syndrome between the age group 18-45 years having 28 to 34 days regular menstrual cycle were taken as subjects. In all the subjects, a baseline recording of heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure was done. Subjects were divided into 2 groups (Group A-control group, Group B-study group); subjects in group B underwent 3 months pranayama training. After 3 months, recording of HR, SBP, DBP in both the groups was again done. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSThis study suggests that subjects in Group B have better control over their symptoms associated with PMS. We observed that in Group B, parameters showed a significant reduction when compared with their basal levels. Also the subjects in Group B showed significant reduction in high basal sympathetic activity in comparison with Group A.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pranayama on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Premenstrual Syndrome

Goyal¹,

Goyal²,

Garg³

2016

jemds

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“…In one investigation examining simulated microgravity, Hesse et al 58 found that strict bed rest for 13 days impaired endothelium-dependent arterial relaxation in healthy men. Furthermore, Coupe et al 59 also showed that prolonged bed rest causes impairment of endothelium-dependent functions at the microcirculation level, along with an increase in circulating endothelial cells. Although ground-based evidence indicates that microgravity may impair endothelial function, this phenomenon…”

Section: 36mentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges, concerns and common problems: physiological consequences of spinal cord injury and microgravity

et al. 2010

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Introduction: Similarities between the clinical presentation of individuals living with spinal cord injury (SCI) and astronauts are remarkable, and may be of great interest to clinicians and scientists alike. Objectives: The primary purpose of this review is to outline the manner in which cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, renal, immune and sensory motor systems are affected by microgravity and SCI. Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted (using PubMed) to evaluate the hallmark symptoms seen after spaceflight and SCI. This literature was then examined critically to determine symptoms common to both populations. Results: Both SCI and prolonged microgravity exposure are associated with marked deteriorations in various physiological functions. Atrophy in muscle and bone, cardiovascular disturbances, and alterations in renal, immune and sensory motor systems are conditions commonly observed not only in individuals with SCI, but also in those who experience prolonged gravity unloading. Conclusion: The preponderance of data indicates that similar physiological changes occur in both SCI and prolonged space flight. These findings have important implications for future research in SCI and prolonged space flight.

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“…A number of mechanisms may contribute to cardiovascular deconditioning induced by DI: circulatory blood volume loss [20,21], impaired baroreflex sensitivity [22,23], autonomic dysfunction [22,24], increased venous compliance [21] enforced by decreased muscle tone [25], macrovascular [26] and microvascular [27] impairment promoted by physical inactivity and prolonged decrease of shear stress forces [28], myocardial impairment, hormonal changes, vestibular changes, or metabolic changes. Hypovolemia appears to be the major contributor for the observed rapid cardiovascular impairment in DI.…”

Section: Hypovolemia As Major Reason For Di-induced Cardiovascular Dementioning

confidence: 99%

Body Fluid Changes, Cardiovascular Deconditioning and Metabolic Impairment Are Reversed 24 Hours after a 5-Day Dry Immersion

Coupé¹,

Tomilovskaya²,

Larcher³

et al. 2013

OJNeph

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Dry immersion is an effective and useful model for research in physiology and physiopathology. The focus of this study was to provide integrative insight into renal, endocrine, circulatory, autonomic and metabolic effects of dry immersion. We assessed if the principal changes were restored within 24 h of recovery, and determined which changes were mainly associated with immersion-induced orthostatic intolerance. Five-day dry immersion without countermeasures, and with ad libitum water intake, standardized diet and a permitted short daily rise was performed in a relatively large sample for this experiment type (14 healthy young men). Reduction of total body water derived mostly from extracellular compartment, and stabilized rapidly at the new operating point. Decrease in plasma volume was estimated at 20% -25%. Five-day immersion was sufficient to impair metabolism with a decrease in glucose tolerance and hypercholesterolemia, but was not associated with pronounced autonomic changes. Five-day immersion induced marked cardiovascular impairment. Immediately after immersion, over half of the subjects were unable to accomplish the 20-min 70˚ tilt; during tilt, heart rate and total peripheral resistance were increased, and stroke volume was decreased. However, 24 hours of normal physical activity appeared sufficient to reverse orthostatic tolerance and all signs of cardiovascular impairment, and to restitute plasma volume and extracellular fluid volume. Similarly, metabolic impairment was restored. In our study, the major factor responsible for orthostatic intolerance appeared to be hypovolemia. The absence of pronounced autonomic dysfunction might be explained by relatively short duration of dry immersion and daily short-time orthostatic stimulation.

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Cardiovascular deconditioning: From autonomic nervous system to microvascular dysfunctions

Cited by 82 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of Pranayama on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Premenstrual Syndrome

Effect of Pranayama on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Premenstrual Syndrome

Challenges, concerns and common problems: physiological consequences of spinal cord injury and microgravity

Body Fluid Changes, Cardiovascular Deconditioning and Metabolic Impairment Are Reversed 24 Hours after a 5-Day Dry Immersion

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