Cardiovascular deaths in children: General overview from the National Center for the Review and Prevention of Child Deaths

Vetter, Victoria L.; Covington, Theresa M.; Dugan, Noreen P.; Haley, Danielle M.; Dykstra, Heather; Overpeck, Mary D.; Iyer, Venkat; Shults, Justine

doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2014.11.014

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Congenital anomalies were found to be the cause of death in the very young (<1 year) and between 10 and 14 years of age. The prevalence of 39% is comparable with the 41% congenital anomalies as a cardiovascular cause of death found in a recent large database study in the US [ 14 ]. In this study, also more deaths related to congenital heart disease were found in the younger patients and deaths associated with coronary artery anomalies occurred more often in the older categories (>10 years).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Cardiovascular causes of sudden unexpected death in children and adolescents (0–17 years)

et al. 2018

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BackgroundLittle is known about the causes of unexpected death in minors (0–17 years). In young adults an important cause is cardiovascular disease, with primary arrhythmogenic disorders, atherosclerotic events, cardiomyopathies and myocarditis as main contributors. The aim of this autopsy study was to determine the contribution of cardiovascular disease to unexpected death in minors.Methods and resultsIn the Netherlands, systematic investigation of all cases of unexplained death in minors was compulsory in a nationwide governmental project during a 15-month period. Autopsies were performed according to a standardised protocol (autopsy rate 85%). A cardiovascular cause of death was found in 13/56 cases (23%). In the group <1 year, the main cardiovascular causes were various congenital defects (n = 3) and myocarditis (n = 2). In the 1–9 year group, no cardiovascular causes were found. In the 10–14 year group, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (n = 1) and ruptured ascending aortic aneurysm (n = 1) were among the observed cardiovascular causes. In 14/56 (25%) cases autopsy revealed no structural abnormalities that could explain the sudden death, mostly in the group <1 year.ConclusionThis national cohort with a high autopsy rate reveals a high incidence (23%) of cardiovascular diseases as the pathological substrate of sudden unexpected death in children. Another high percentage of minors (25%) showed no structural abnormalities, with the possibility of a genetic arrhythmia. These findings underline the importance of systematic autopsy in sudden death in minors, with implications for cardiogenetic screening of relatives.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s12471-018-1152-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Cardiovascular causes of sudden unexpected death in children and adolescents (0–17 years)

et al. 2018

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“…Both are associated with health concerns, because any (mis-) use of drugs may have adverse effects on mental and physical health. For example, any stimulant is associated with the risk of cardiovascular events, hypertonia, tachycardia, and even sudden cardiac death (e.g., Kumar, 2008 ; Ali et al, 2015 ; Vetter et al, 2015 ). Such events may be more frequent when drugs are misused without a physicians' prescription or are mixed with other drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Neuroenhancement in the Field of Economics—Poll Results from an Online Survey

2016

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Introduction: The use of over-the-counter, prescription, and illicit drugs to increase attention, concentration, or memory—often called (pharmacological) neuroenhancement—shows a broad range of prevalence rates among students. However, very little data is available on neuroenhancement among employed persons. The aim of this study was to provide first data on substance use for neuroenhancement among readers of the German “Handelsblatt” coming from the field of economics.Methods: Readers of the online edition of the Handelsblatt, a leading print and online medium for the field of economics, were invited to participate in a survey via a link on the journal homepage to complete a web-based questionnaire. Within the questionnaire, participants were asked for their gender, current age, current professional status, hours of work per week, prevalence rates of substance use for the purpose of neuroenhancement as well as for reasons of its use. Binary regression analyses with stepwise forward selection were used to predict the dependent variables “use of illicit and prescription drugs for neuroenhancement” (yes/no), “use of over-the-counter drugs for neuroenhancement” (yes/no), and “use of any drug for neuroenhancement” (yes/no).Results: A total of 1021 participants completed the anonymous survey. Lifetime prevalence for the use of any drug for neuroenhancement was 88.0% and for the use of illicit and prescription drugs for neuroenhancement 19.0%. Reasons and situations that predicted neuroenhancement with illicit and prescription drugs were “curiosity,” “to enhance mood,” ”for a confident appearance,” “stress/pressure to perform,” and “deadline pressure.”Discussion: The study shows that neuroenhancement with drugs is a widespread and frequent phenomenon among people belonging to the professional field of economics. Given in the literature that the use of drugs, especially prescription, and illicit drugs, may be associated with side effects, the high epidemic of drug use for neuroenhancement also shown in the present paper underlines the new public health concern of neuroenhancement.

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“…Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of birth defect-related morbidity and mortality 1 2 , with 48.5% of cardiovascular deaths in children caused by CHD 3 . Although simple CHD (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…During this period, the structure and function of the infant heart change rapidly, with the heart rate declining from 150 beats per minute to 80 beats per minute and the systolic blood pressure rising from 55 mmHg to 100 mmHg 6 . Almost 55.3% of CHD deaths occur in the first year of life 3 . Although cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity is critical for heart development and damage repair, information on this process is limited.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiomyocytes in Young Infants With Congenital Heart Disease: a Three-Month Window of Proliferation

Qiu

Zhang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Perinatal reduction in cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity is well established in animal models and humans. However, cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) is unknown, and may provide important information to improve treatment. Human right atrial specimens were obtained from infants during routine surgery to repair ventricular septal defects. The specimens were divided into three groups: group A (age 1–3 months); group B (age, 4–6 months); and group C (age 7–12 months). A dramatic fall in the number of Ki67 -positive CHD cardiac myocytes occurred after three months. When cultured in vitro, young CHD myocytes (≤3 months) showed more abundant Ki67-positive cardiomyocytes and greater incorporation of EdU, indicating enhanced proliferation. YAP1 and NICD—important transcript factors in cardiomyocyte development and proliferation—decreased with age and β-catenin increased with age. Compared with those of older infants, cardiomyocytes of young CHD infants (≤3 months) have a higher proliferating capacity in vivo and in vitro. From the perspective of cardiac muscle regeneration, CHD treatment at a younger age (≤3 months) may be more optimal.

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Cardiovascular deaths in children: General overview from the National Center for the Review and Prevention of Child Deaths

Cited by 28 publications

References 15 publications

Cardiovascular causes of sudden unexpected death in children and adolescents (0–17 years)

Cardiovascular causes of sudden unexpected death in children and adolescents (0–17 years)

Pharmacological Neuroenhancement in the Field of Economics—Poll Results from an Online Survey

Cardiomyocytes in Young Infants With Congenital Heart Disease: a Three-Month Window of Proliferation

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