Cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 vaccines: A review of case-report and case-series studies

Paknahad, Mohammad Hossein; Yancheshmeh, Fatereh Baharlouei; Soleimani, Azam

doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2023.02.003

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…These studies align with our observations and highlight the need for ongoing research into the longterm cardiac sequelae of COVID-19. The emergence of new-onset autoimmune phenomena following COVID-19 vaccination, affecting various systems including the cardiovascular system, has been documented [70]. Understanding these autoimmune responses is crucial for managing potential adverse effects post-vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Disorders and Pregnancy Complications Post-COVID-19: Investigating the Potential Role of Vaccination

Sadiq,

Al-Amran

2023

Preprint

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In a detailed study of 420 pregnant women in the last trimester from southern and central Iraq, aged 15 to 36 years, the impact of COVID-19 vaccinations on cardiovascular risk factors was assessed. The study's cohort displayed diverse vaccination statuses, with 50% receiving two vaccine doses and 10% receiving one dose, involving brands like Pfizer and Sinopharm. The findings indicated a notable distinction in cardiovascular responses between vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women. Vaccination seemed to reduce certain cardiovascular risks during pregnancy in the COVID-19 era. However, the extent of risk mitigation varied based on the number of vaccine doses and the vaccine type. In summary, the research suggests a potential protective effect of full COVID-19 vaccination against cardiovascular risks in pregnancy. These results highlight the need for further investigations into the specific effects of different COVID-19 vaccines on cardiovascular health in pregnancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Disorders and Pregnancy Complications Post-COVID-19: Investigating the Potential Role of Vaccination

Sadiq,

Al-Amran

2023

Preprint

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“… 14 As is well known, myocarditis is closely associated with proinflammatory factor release and inflammatory cell infiltration. 15 Furthermore, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase generates a large number of free radicals to satisfy the increased oxygen consumption during myocarditis phagocytosis. 16 Oxidative stress leads to cell injury and is vital in exacerbating myocardial damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-treatment with galectin-1 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced myocarditis by regulating the Nrf2 pathway

Shen,

Lu,

Chen

et al. 2023

Eur J Histochem

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Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a member of a highly conserved family of animal lectins, plays a crucial role in controlling inflammation and neovascularization. However, the potential role of Gal-1 in preventing myocarditis remains uncertain. We aimed to explore the functions and mechanisms of Gal-1 in preventing myocarditis. In vivo, C57/BL6 mice were pre-treated with or without Gal-1 and then exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce myocarditis. Subsequently, cardiac function, histopathology, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis of myocardial tissues were detected. Following this, qRT-PCR and Western blotting were applied to measure iNOS, COX2, TXNIP, NLRP3 and Caspase-1 p10 expressions. In vitro, H9c2 cells pre-treated with different doses of Gal-1 were stimulated by LPS to induce myocarditis models. CCK8, flow cytometry and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay were then employed to estimate cell viability, apoptosis and oxidative stress. Furthermore, Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expressions were evaluated by Western blotting in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that in vivo, Gal-1 pre-treatment not only moderately improved cardiac function and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, but also ameliorated myocardial inflammation and oxidative damage in mice with myocarditis. Furthermore, Gal-1 inhibited TXNIP-NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In vitro, Gal-1 pre-treatment prevented LPS-induced apoptosis, cell viability decrease and ROS generation. Notably, Gal-1 elevated HO-1, total Nrf2 and nuclear Nrf2 protein expressions both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, pre-treatment with Gal-1 exhibited cardioprotective effects in myocarditis via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions, and the mechanism may relate to the Nrf2 pathway, which offered new solid evidence for the use of Gal-1 in preventing myocarditis.

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“…In general, vaccines have proven to be safe, although rare but potentially serious adverse effects may occur after vaccination [ 6 ]. Thus, several studies describe a series of neurological (Guillain-Barré) [ 7 ], cardiovascular (myocarditis) [ 8 9 ], hematological (hemolytic anemia) [ 10 ], ophthalmological (optic neuritis) [ 11 ], endocrinological (Graves’ disease) [ 12 ], and other complications, with a possible association with the T-cell immune response that vaccines induce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute abdomen following COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review

Cahuapaza-Gutierrez,

Pajuelo-Vasquez,

Quiroz-Narvaez

et al. 2024

Clin Exp Vaccine Res

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Purpose Conduct a systematic review of case reports and case series regarding the development of acute abdomen following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, to describe the possible association and the clinical and demographic characteristics in detail. Materials and Methods This study included case report studies and case series that focused on the development of acute abdomen following COVID-19 vaccination. Systematic review studies, literature, letters to the editor, brief comments, and so forth were excluded. PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched until June 15, 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute tool was used to assess the risk of bias and the quality of the study. Descriptive data were presented as frequency, median, mean, and standard deviation. Results Seventeen clinical case studies were identified, evaluating 17 patients with acute abdomen associated with COVID-19 vaccination, which included acute appendicitis (n=3), acute pancreatitis (n=9), diverticulitis (n=1), cholecystitis (n=2), and colitis (n=2). The COVID-19 vaccine most commonly linked to acute abdomen was Pfizer-BioNTech (messenger RNA), accounting for 64.71% of cases. Acute abdomen predominantly occurred after the first vaccine dose (52.94%). All patients responded objectively to medical (88.34%) and surgical (11.76%) treatment and were discharged within a few weeks. No cases of death were reported. Conclusion Acute abdomen is a rare complication of great interest in the medical and surgical practice of COVID-19 vaccination. Our study is based on a small sample of patients; therefore, it is recommended to conduct future observational studies to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this association.

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Cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 vaccines: A review of case-report and case-series studies

Cited by 15 publications

References 141 publications

Cardiovascular Disorders and Pregnancy Complications Post-COVID-19: Investigating the Potential Role of Vaccination

Cardiovascular Disorders and Pregnancy Complications Post-COVID-19: Investigating the Potential Role of Vaccination

Pre-treatment with galectin-1 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced myocarditis by regulating the Nrf2 pathway

Acute abdomen following COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review

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