Cardiovascular Complications of COVID-19 among Pregnant Women and Their Fetuses: A Systematic Review

Yaghoobpoor, Shirin; Fathi, Mobina; Vakili, Kimia; Tutunchian, Zohreh; Dehghani, Mohammad Javad; Bahrami, Ashkan; Hajibeygi, Ramtin; Eslami, Samira; Yaghoobpour, Tina; Hajiesmaeili, Mohammadreza

doi:10.3390/jcm11206194

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been data to suggest a link between SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy and an increased risk of developing pre-eclampsia. Some systematic reviews found an increase in risk when collating data from different cohorts 106,107 ; however, other studies have reported that COVID-19 infection during pregnancy does not increase the risk of pre-eclampsia [108][109][110] . Pre-eclampsia is more likely to be associated with severe COVID-19, although whether one is causal of the other has not been definitively proven 107,111 .…”

Section: Maternal Agementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some systematic reviews found an increase in risk when collating data from different cohorts 106,107 ; however, other studies have reported that COVID-19 infection during pregnancy does not increase the risk of pre-eclampsia [108][109][110] . Pre-eclampsia is more likely to be associated with severe COVID-19, although whether one is causal of the other has not been definitively proven 107,111 . Both preeclampsia and COVID-19 are characterized by increased circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and endothelial dysfunction, suggesting common mechanisms 111 .…”

Section: Maternal Agementioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre-eclampsia

Dimitriadis

Rolnik

Zhou

et al. 2023

Nat Rev Dis Primers

203

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Pre-eclampsia is a life-threatening disease of pregnancy unique to humans and a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Women who survive pre-eclampsia have reduced life expectancy, with increased risks of stroke, cardiovascular disease and diabetes, while babies from a pre-eclamptic pregnancy have increased risks of preterm birth, perinatal death and neurodevelopmental disability and cardiovascular and metabolic disease later in life. Preeclampsia is a complex multisystem disease, diagnosed by sudden-onset hypertension (>20 weeks of gestation) and at least one other associated complication, including proteinuria, maternal organ dysfunction or uteroplacental dysfunction. Pre-eclampsia is found only when a placenta is or was recently present and is classified as preterm (delivery <37 weeks of gestation), term (delivery ≥37 weeks of gestation) and postpartum pre-eclampsia. The maternal syndrome of pre-eclampsia is driven by a dysfunctional placenta, which releases factors into maternal blood causing systemic inflammation and widespread maternal endothelial dysfunction. Available treatments target maternal hypertension and seizures, but the only 'cure' for pre-eclampsia is delivery of the dysfunctional placenta and baby, often prematurely. Despite decades of research, the aetiology of pre-eclampsia, particularly of term and postpartum pre-eclampsia, remains poorly defined. Significant advances have been made in the prediction and prevention of preterm pre-eclampsia, which is predicted in early pregnancy through combined screening and is prevented with daily low-dose aspirin, starting before 16 weeks of gestation. By contrast, the prediction of term and postpartum pre-eclampsia is limited and there are no preventive treatments. Future research must investigate the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia, in particular of term and postpartum pre-eclampsia, and evaluate new Nature Reviews Disease Primers | (2023) 9:8 2 0123456789();: Primer Epidemiology Incidence and mortalityThe global prevalence of all pre-eclampsia in the years 2002-2010 was estimated at 4.6% of deliveries but reported regional rates varied between 1% and 5.6% 14 . Where reported, the prevalence of preterm pre-eclampsia is <1% [15][16][17][18] . The prevalence of pre-eclampsia is generally reported as lower in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) (except sub-Saharan Africa) than in high-income countries (HICs) 19,20 ; however, it is likely that differences in classification, access to prenatal care and under-reporting in LMICs affect prevalence data 20,21 . Furthermore, most pre-eclampsia research is performed in HICs, potentially leading to bias and generalizability concerns in the populations sampled and the research questions asked.Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (including pre-eclampsia) are the second most common cause (behind haemorrhage) of maternal Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rights...

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Section: Maternal Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Maternal Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-eclampsia

Dimitriadis

Rolnik

Zhou

et al. 2023

Nat Rev Dis Primers

203

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“…Case studies may also be subject to researcher bias and do not allow the production of quantifiable risk estimates. A recent systematic review of cardiovascular complications among pregnant women with COVID-19 found substantial variance in estimates across studies with some reporting rates of preeclampsia as high as 69% and others as low as 0.5% (Yaghoobpoor et al, 2022).…”

Section: The Indirect Route: Sars-cov-2 Effects On the Placenta And E...mentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) as a possible risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders

et al. 2022

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Pregnant women constitute one of the most vulnerable populations to be affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the cause of coronavirus disease 2019. SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy could negatively impact fetal brain development via multiple mechanisms. Accumulating evidence indicates that mother to fetus transmission of SARS-CoV-2 does occur, albeit rarely. When it does occur, there is a potential for neuroinvasion via immune cells, retrograde axonal transport, and olfactory bulb and lymphatic pathways. In the absence of maternal to fetal transmission, there is still the potential for negative neurodevelopmental outcomes as a consequence of disrupted placental development and function leading to preeclampsia, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth restriction. In addition, maternal immune activation may lead to hypomyelination, microglial activation, white matter damage, and reduced neurogenesis in the developing fetus. Moreover, maternal immune activation can disrupt the maternal or fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis leading to altered neurodevelopment. Finally, pro-inflammatory cytokines can potentially alter epigenetic processes within the developing brain. In this review, we address each of these potential mechanisms. We propose that SARS-CoV-2 could lead to neurodevelopmental disorders in a subset of pregnant women and that long-term studies are warranted.

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“…The potential link between COVID-19 and pre-eclampsia has emerged as a particular area of interest [8,9,10]. Early studies have reported that COVID-19 infection may increase the risk of pre-eclampsia in pregnant women, and those with pre-eclampsia may experience more severe disease progression if infected with COVID-19 [13,14]. However, these studies are often limited by small sample sizes and research design biases, calling into question the reliability and generalizability of their ndings [15,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Genetic Link Between COVID-19 Severity and Pre-eclampsia: The Role of NTSR1 Gene SNPs and Calcium Ion Transport

Li,

Shen,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic and pre-eclampsia both present significant health challenges worldwide, with emerging evidence suggesting a genetic interlinkage that could illuminate new therapeutic avenues. This study aims to explore the genetic relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and pre-eclampsia, with a focus on Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the NTSR1 gene and mechanisms of calcium ion transport. Method: We employed a combination of genetic epidemiology and molecular biology techniques, including comprehensive bibliometric analysis and Mendelian Randomization, to assess the correlation between specific SNPs related to the NTSR1 gene and the severity of both COVID-19 and pre-eclampsia. Result: Our findings reveal a significant genetic correlation between the severity of COVID-19 and pre-eclampsia, underscored by SNPs associated with the NTSR1 gene and calcium ion transport. This correlation suggests a shared genetic foundation that could exacerbate both conditions, providing insights into potential molecular interactions involved. Conclusion: The identification of shared genetic pathways between COVID-19 and pre-eclampsia highlights the importance of genetic insights in developing targeted therapeutic interventions. These results open up new avenues for the mitigation of these conditions, emphasizing the role of genetic epidemiology in shaping future healthcare strategies.

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Cardiovascular Complications of COVID-19 among Pregnant Women and Their Fetuses: A Systematic Review

Cited by 8 publications

References 153 publications

Pre-eclampsia

Pre-eclampsia

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) as a possible risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders

Exploring the Genetic Link Between COVID-19 Severity and Pre-eclampsia: The Role of NTSR1 Gene SNPs and Calcium Ion Transport

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