Cardiovascular Comorbidities of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Defining the Potential of Glucagonlike peptide–1-Based Therapies

Chilton, Robert; Wyatt, Jamison; Nandish, Shailesh; Oliveros, Rene A; Lujan, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.11.004

Cited by 61 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 202 publications

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“…The biological actions of GLP-1 on pancreatic cells are mainly mediated by high-affinity GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) (Winzell and Ahrén, 2007). GLP-1R is shown to exist in extra-pancreatic tissues, including brain, peripheral nervous system, kidney, heart and vasculature (Anagnostis et al, 2011;Chilton et al, 2011). These observations suggest that GLP-1 could exert pleiotropic actions, that is, glucose lowering-independent beneficial effects on diabetic nephropathy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Glucagon-like peptide-1 inhibits angiotensin II-induced mesangial cell damage via protein kinase A

Ishibashi

Matsui

Ojima

et al. 2012

Microvascular Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Glucagon-like peptide-1 inhibits angiotensin II-induced mesangial cell damage via protein kinase A

Ishibashi

Matsui

Ojima

et al. 2012

Microvascular Research

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“…It has been shown that exposure of the lower small intestine to undigested carbohydrate after acarbose leads to an increase in the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), 34 which is known to have antiatherosclerotic effects. 35 This may be another potential mechanism for the beneficial effects of acarbose treatment, although the present study did not measure GLP-1 levels. The present study showed that IMTmax did not significantly regress during 6 months of therapy with acarbose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Early Improvement in Carotid Plaque Echogenicity by Acarbose in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes

Hirano

Nakamura

Obata

et al. 2012

Circ J

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Background:The resolution of hyperglycemia is associated with suppression of in-hospital cardiac complications in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). This study evaluated carotid artery plaque echolucency using ultrasound in patients with ACS and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) to determine whether acarbose, an α-glucosidase inhibitor, may rapidly stabilize unstable atherosclerotic plaques. Methods and Results:ACS patients with type 2 DM and carotid plaques (n=44) were randomly assigned to treatment with acarbose (150 or 300 mg/day, n=22) or a control group (no acarbose, n=22). Acarbose treatment was initiated within 5 days after the onset of ACS. Unstable carotid plaques were assessed by measuring plaque echolucency using carotid ultrasound with integrated backscatter (IBS) before, and at 2 weeks, 1 and 6 months after the initiation of treatment. An increase in the IBS value reflected an increase in carotid plaque echogenicity. As results, the IBS value of echolucent carotid plaques showed a significant increase at 1 month and a further increase at 6 months after treatment in the acarbose group, but there was minimal change in the control group. The increase in IBS values was significantly correlated with a decrease in C-reactive protein levels. Conclusions:Acarbose rapidly improved carotid plaque echolucency within 1 month of therapy in patients with ACS and type 2 DM. (Circ J 2012; 76: 1452 - 1460

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“…The GLP-1 receptor agonists have a potent effect to overcome the pathway in the b cell that is inhibited by glucocorticoids and augment insulin secretion [22][23][24]. Moreover, considerable data indicate that GLP-1 exerts multiple beneficial effects on the heart [25], and preliminary analysis suggests that GLP-1 receptor agonists may reduce cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients [26].…”

Section: Incretin Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Practical implementation of incretin-based therapy in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes

Schwartz

DeFronzo

Umpiérrez

2014

Postgraduate Medicine

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Hyperglycemia in patients with and without a prior history of diabetes is an independent marker of morbidity and mortality in critically and noncritically ill patients. Improvement of glycemic control with insulin therapy has been shown to reduce hospital complications in patients with diabetes, but also results in increased rates of hypoglycemia, which have been linked to poor outcomes. Thus, alternative treatment options that can normalize blood glucose levels without undue hypoglycemia are being sought. Incretin-based therapies, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, stimulate insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent fashion, thus not causing hypoglycemia. Alternative points of view exist regarding insulin versus incretin therapy for the care of these patients. We have brought together the authors on the opposite sides of this discussion with the objective of providing a rational synthesis on how to achieve the best possible control of glycemia in the hospital, using both standard insulin approaches and incretin-based therapies to improve patient outcomes. This review examines the benefits of incretin-based therapy in improving glycemic control in hospitalized patients with stress-induced diabetes and in diabetic patients in critical care and non-critical care settings.

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Cardiovascular Comorbidities of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Defining the Potential of Glucagonlike peptide–1-Based Therapies

Cited by 61 publications

References 202 publications

Glucagon-like peptide-1 inhibits angiotensin II-induced mesangial cell damage via protein kinase A

Glucagon-like peptide-1 inhibits angiotensin II-induced mesangial cell damage via protein kinase A

Early Improvement in Carotid Plaque Echogenicity by Acarbose in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes

Practical implementation of incretin-based therapy in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes

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