Cardiovascular autonomic responses to hyperinsulinemia in young adult males of normal and low body mass index

Sucharita, S; Trian, Thomas; Raj, Tony; Kurpad, Anura V; M, Vaz

doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2010.12.004

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Their results showed that greater insulin resistance was consistently correlated with lower HRV even after adjustment for inflammatory factors. In another study, the authors investigated whether young Indian men having low BMI had different autonomic nervous responses to acute hyperinsulinemia when compared to others who had a normal BMI (Sucharita et al, 2011). They observed that LF HRV significantly increased and HF HRV significantly decreased with hyperinsulinemia but that there were no differences in the magnitude of responses between the two BMI groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between insulin and heart rate variability in police officers

Charles

Andrew

Sarkisian

et al. 2013

American J Hum Biol

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Objective Low heart rate variability (HRV) has been linked to cardiovascular disease. Our objective was to examine the cross-sectional association between insulin and HRV. Methods Insulin levels were measured in 355 nondiabetic officers from the BCOPS study, following a 12 h fast. HRV was performed according to methods published by the task force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing Electrophysiology for measurement and analysis of HRV. Mean values of high (HF) and low frequency (LF) HRV were compared across tertiles of insulin using ANOVA and ANCOVA; p-values were obtained from linear regression models. Results Higher mean levels of insulin were significantly associated with lower (i.e., worse) mean levels of HRV before and after risk-factor adjustment. The results for HF HRV (ms2) were as follows: 1st insulin (µU/ml) tertile (156.3; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 128.6–189.9); 2nd tertile (154.3; 95% CI = 124.3–191.5); 3rd tertile (127.9; 95% CI = 105.0–155.8), p for trend = 0.017. Results with LF HRV were similar to HF HRV. Insulin was also inversely and significantly associated with HRV among officers with BMI ≥25 kg/m2, with ≥25.5% body fat, and among those who reported low (

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between insulin and heart rate variability in police officers

Charles

Andrew

Sarkisian

et al. 2013

American J Hum Biol

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“…Weight loss improves insulin sensitivity and baroreflexes in people with obesity (21,27,82), but the relationship between these deficits has not been elucidated. Insulin has the ability to raise SNA, alter baroreflexes, and increase AP variability (46,84). However, the observation of diminished cardiac baroreflexes and HR variability in patients of normal weight with type 1 diabetes and elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) suggests that poor glucose homeostasis is a causative factor for impaired control of HR and AP (10,18,51).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved glucose homeostasis in male obese Zucker rats coincides with enhanced baroreflexes and activation of the nucleus tractus solitarius

Chaudhary

Schreihofer

2018

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Chaudhary P, Schreihofer AM. Improved glucose homeostasis in male obese Zucker rats coincides with enhanced baroreflexes and activation of the nucleus tractus solitarius. Young adult male obese Zucker rats (OZR) develop insulin resistance and hypertension with impaired baroreflex-mediated bradycardia and activation of nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). Because type 1 diabetic rats also develop impaired baroreflex-mediated NTS activation, we hypothesized that improving glycemic control in OZR would enhance compromised baroreflexes and NTS activation. Fasting blood glucose measured by telemetry was comparable in OZR and lean Zucker rats (LZR) at 12-17 wk. However, with access to food, OZR were chronically hyperglycemic throughout this age range. By 15-17 wk of age, tail samples yielded higher glucose values than those measured by telemetry in OZR but not LZR, consistent with reports of exaggerated stress responses in OZR. Injection of glucose (1g/kg ip) produced larger rises in glucose and areas under the curve in OZR than LZR. Treatment with metformin (300 mg·kg Ϫ1 ·day Ϫ1 ) or pioglitazone (5 mg·kg Ϫ1 ·day Ϫ1 ) in drinking water for 2-3 wk normalized fed glucose levels in OZR with no effect in LZR. After metformin treatment, area under the curve for blood glucose after glucose injection was reduced in OZR and comparable to LZR. Hyperinsulinemia was slightly reduced by each treatment in OZR, but insulin was still greatly elevated compared with LZR. Neither treatment reduced hypertension in OZR, but both treatments significantly improved the blunted phenylephrine-induced bradycardia and NTS c-Fos expression in OZR with no effect in LZR. These data suggest that restoring glycemic control in OZR enhances baroreflex control of heart rate by improving the response of the NTS to raising arterial pressure, even in the presence of hyperinsulinemia and hypertension. baroreceptor reflex; hyperglycemia; metabolic syndrome; metformin; pioglitazone Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: A. M. Schreihofer,

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“…This phenomenon also acts to divert the blood pool from the central circulation to the lower extremities, which may contribute to central nervous system hypoperfusion and syncope. However, patients with no history of VVS who are also underweight showed no significant changes in cardiovascular autonomic responses (exacerbation of sympathetic tone followed by a sudden increase in vagal tone) when submitted to induced hyperinsulinemia, suggesting that this hyperinsulinemia is an inadequate explanation and that changes in vascular reactivity occur only during longer term changes in insulin resistance . Losing excess weight is associated with a normalization of autonomic cardiovascular responses .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, patients with no history of VVS who are also underweight showed no significant changes in cardiovascular autonomic responses (exacerbation of sympathetic tone followed by a sudden increase in vagal tone) when submitted to induced hyperinsulinemia, suggesting that this hyperinsulinemia is an inadequate explanation and that changes in vascular reactivity occur only during longer term changes in insulin resistance. 29 Losing excess weight is associated with a normalization of autonomic cardiovascular responses. 16 In lean subjects, there is a greater sensitivity of cardiovascular responses mediated by the autonomic nervous system, and these responses tend to decrease with age.…”

Section: Recurrent Syncope Can Have a Devastating Effect On The Qualimentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Body Mass Index Is Associated with a Positive Response during a Head‐Up Tilt Test

Leiria

Barcellos

Moraes

et al. 2012

Pacing Clinical Electrophis

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Cardiovascular autonomic responses to hyperinsulinemia in young adult males of normal and low body mass index

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Associations between insulin and heart rate variability in police officers

Associations between insulin and heart rate variability in police officers

Improved glucose homeostasis in male obese Zucker rats coincides with enhanced baroreflexes and activation of the nucleus tractus solitarius

Low Body Mass Index Is Associated with a Positive Response during a Head‐Up Tilt Test

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