Cardiovascular and respiratory effects of tiletamine-zolazepam

Wilson, Ronald P.; Zagon, Ian S.; Larach, David R.; Lang, Charles

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(93)90274-w

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…e.g. ketamine and tiletamine are known to increase mean arterial pressure and heart rate in a number of domesticated and exotic species, as Ž well as humans Domino et al, 1965;Tweed et al, 1972;Kreeger et al, 1990;Wilson et al, 1993;. Caulkett and Cattet, 1997 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal function in suckling and fasting pups of the northern elephant seal

Houser

Crocker

Webb

et al. 2001

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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Elephant seals fast for prolonged periods without access to water. This is made possible, in part, by reductions in urine production. However, the mechanisms involved in reducing urine production are not understood. In this study, Ž . Ž . glomerular filtration rate GFR was measured in five northern elephant seal pups Mirounga angustirostris via the inulin clearance technique. Measurements were made during day 9 and day 18᎐22 of nursing and the second and eighth week of the postweaning fast. Plasma aldosterone and cortisol concentrations, quantified by radioimmunoassay, were measured in eight other weanlings during the second and eighth week of the fast. Mean GFR was 79.3" 29.3 mlrmin during the early suckling period and 78.2" 17.1, 89.8" 52.7, and 80.4" 12.2 mlrmin during the late suckling, early fasting and late fasting periods, respectively. Differences between nursing and fasting were insignificant, possibly because reduced protein oxidation during suckling and rapid recruitment of protein for tissue synthesis obviated the need for postprandial hyperfiltration. Alternatively, maintenance of GFR during fasting may facilitate urea concentration by compensating for reductions in the fractional excretion of urea. It is further hypothesized that aldosterone is primarily responsible for mediating renal water reabsorption in this system. ᮊ

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal function in suckling and fasting pups of the northern elephant seal

Houser

Crocker

Webb

et al. 2001

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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“…A associação do zolazepam/tiletamina foi utilizada para avaliação dos sistemas respiratório e cardiovascular de ratos (Wilson et al, 1993), lobos (Furtado et al, 2006) e cadelas histerectomizadas (Lacerda et al, 2010) e não mostraram alterar a fisiologia desses dois sistemas. Por outro lado, em cães hipovolêmicos, causou uma depressão respiratória logo após a indução, mas não proporcionou alterações significativas na frequência cardíaca, débito cardíaco, pressão arterial sistólica, diastólica e média (Valadão e Pacchini, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Wilson et al (1993), Valadão (2002) Os dados eletrocardiográficos no período pré e trans-anestésico foram realizados momentos antes da aplicação da anestesia (t0) e a cada 10 minutos (t10, t20, t30, t40, t50 e t60) subsequentes à sua aplicação, totalizando 7 amostragens.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Avaliação do perfil eletrocardiográfico pré e trans-anestesia em lobos-guará

Junior

Nishimura

Cerejo

et al. 2015

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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 RESUMOO presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o efeito da administração do Zolazepam/Tiletamina nas funções cardiorrespiratórias e eletrocardiográficas em lobos-guará (Chrysocyon brachyurus) mantidos em cativeiro. Foram utilizados dez lobos-guará clinicamente saudáveis (seis machos e quatro fêmeas), com média de peso 23,5±3,5kg, e idade de 6,5±2,8 anos. Os lobos eram mantidos em cativeiro e foram capturados pelos tratadores, proporcionando o mínimo de estresse possível para avaliação dos parâmetros pré-anestésicos. Foram avaliadas frequência cardíaca e respiratória, temperatura retal, pressão arterial média e eletrocardiografia. Após coleta dos parâmetros fisiológicos e eletrocardiográficos pré-anestesia, foi administrada a dose de 5,1±0,7mg/kg de Zolazepam/Tiletamina intramuscular. Depois da anestesia, colocaram-se os eletrodos do eletrocardiograma nos membros torácicos e pélvicos. Os animais eram monitorados durante uma hora, sendo que, a cada 10 minutos, era realizado o registro dos valores eletrocardiográficos, assim como os valores dos parâmetros fisiológicos e cardiorrespiratórios. Os resultados mostraram alteração significativa na amplitude da onda P entre 10 a 50 minutos pós-anestesia. Frequência cardíaca (153±20bmp), frequência respiratória (29±6mpm), temperatura corporal (38,4±1 o C), pressão arterial média (114±20mmHg) e as outras variáveis eletrocardiográficas não apresentaram alterações. O aumento da amplitude da onda P nos animais deste trabalho sugeriu um aumento atrial, oriundo de doenças cardíacas ou simplesmente pelo aumento da frequência cardíaca durante a contenção.Palavras-chave: Chrysocyon brachyurus, Tiletamina-zolazepam, eletrocardiografia, frequência cardíaca, anestesia ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the anesthetic combination of Tiletamine/Zolazepam on the cardiorespiratory function and electrocardiographic profile in captive maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus). Ten maned wolves were used in this study (6 males and 4 females

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“…As with any anaesthetic regimen, there are still some associated side effects. Sprague Dawley rats anaesthetised with zolazepam-tiletamine developed dose and time dependent hypertension similar to known cardio-stimulatory effects of other dissociative anaesthetic agents (Wilson et al, 1993). However, cardiovascular depression, consisting of persistent hypotension and bradycardia, was observed when zolazepam-tiletamine was administered in combination with xylazine (Wilson et al, 1993).…”

Section: Zolazepam-tiletamine-xylazine Is the Alternative Injectable mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…However, cardiovascular depression, consisting of persistent hypotension and bradycardia, was observed when zolazepam-tiletamine was administered in combination with xylazine (Wilson et al, 1993). Zolazepam-tiletamine-xylazine combination in horses demonstrated that respiratory depression was associated with both CNS sedative effects of xylazine and the dose dependent respiratory depression of tiletamine (Wilson et al, 1993, Hubbell et al, 1989.…”

Section: Zolazepam-tiletamine-xylazine Is the Alternative Injectable mentioning

confidence: 99%

The safety, efficacy and neuromotor effects of the neurosteroid anaesthetic alfaxalone in rats

Lau¹

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Rodents are routinely anaesthetised for husbandry and biomedical research purposes. All anaesthetics carry a degree of risk, complications and side effects. An ideal anaesthetic for rodents is safe, predictable, alleviates pain and distress and can be performed without specialist training. A survey was created to identify anaesthetic agents frequently administered to rodents currently utilised by the research community. Findings indicated injectable anaesthetics were very commonly used and complications were often associated with use, highlighting the lack of a safe, predictable laboratory rodent anaesthetic protocol.Alfaxalone is a neuroactive steroid injectable anaesthetic agent with a high margin of safety, and is commonly used in veterinary anaesthesia as the Alfaxan® formulation. I sought to establish whether alfaxalone could be used as an injectable anaesthetic agent for laboratory rodents. A plasma pharmacokinetics study was performed using IV and IP Alfaxan® in adult female Wistar rats (7-10 weeks). Mean T 1/2elim for 2 and 5 mg.kg -1 IV was short (~17 minutes), but could not be estimated for IP dosing due to sustained plasma levels for up to 60 minutes after injection. Cl p for IV injection was calculated at 24.5% and 23% of cardiac output respectively. The observed C max was 2.99 mg.L -1 for IP administration, and 2.2 ± 0.9 and 5.2 ± 1.3 mg.L -1 for 2 and 5 mg.kg -1 IV administration respectively. AUC 0-60 was 96 min.mg.L -1 for IP dosing. The relative bioavailability for IP dosing was 26% and 28%, compared to IV doses of 2 and 5mg.kg -1 respectively. Alfaxalone given IP caused longer sleep times than IV dosing, although anaesthesia was not induced in 30% of rats.Importantly, all rats exhibited muscle twitching after alfaxalone administration. I then sought to test whether combining IP injection of Alfaxalone with common premedication agents could improve anaesthetic induction rates and reduce muscle twitching, to provide a viable anaesthetic regimen for rats. Medetomidine (0.5 mg.kg -1 ), medetomidine-butorphanol (0.35 mg.kg -1 -0.2 mg.kg -1 ), Acetylpromazine (ACP) -methadone (3 mg.kg -1 -0.7 mg.kg -1 ) and ACP-xylazine (3 mg.kg -1 -3 mg.kg -1 )were administered IP 10 minutes prior to IP alfaxalone (20 mg.kg -1 ). ACP-xylazine, medetomidine and medetomidine-butorphanol all significantly reduced twitching. Medetomidine-butorphanol provided surgical anaesthesia without prolonged recovery and provided an adequate plane of anaesthesia for short painful surgical procedures.However, none of these premedication agents fully eliminated alfaxalone-induced muscle twitching. I therefore carried out electrophysiological studies of motor neurons (MN), to determine the mechanism causing neuromotor excitation in response to alfaxalone. Previous data has shown that alfaxalone can modulate strychnine-sensitive glycinergic receptors, which may, in part, contribute to the adverse neuromotor excitatory responses manifested as muscle twitching during alfaxalone anaesthesia. The 3 effects of alfaxalone on inhibito...

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Cardiovascular and respiratory effects of tiletamine-zolazepam

Cited by 27 publications

References 14 publications

Renal function in suckling and fasting pups of the northern elephant seal

Renal function in suckling and fasting pups of the northern elephant seal

Avaliação do perfil eletrocardiográfico pré e trans-anestesia em lobos-guará

The safety, efficacy and neuromotor effects of the neurosteroid anaesthetic alfaxalone in rats

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