Cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases in females: The role of microvasculature and dysfunctional endothelium

Gianturco, L.; Bodini, Bruno Dino; Atzeni, Fabiola; Colombo, Carla; Stella, Daniele; Sarzi-Puttini, Piercarlo; Drago, Lorenzo; Galaverna, S.; Turiel, M.

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.03.044

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…The microvasculature in women may play an important role in the predisposition of women with autoimmune diseases to develop accelerated CVD. 76 The female to male ratio for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is 2.5:1, and for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is 9:1. Patients with RA have a 2- to 3-fold higher risk of MI and a 50% higher risk of stroke.…”

Section: Nontraditional Ascvd Risk Factors In Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Disease in Women

García

Mulvagh

Merz

et al. 2016

Circulation Research

803

680

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the leading cause of death among women in the United States, accounting for approximately one of every three female deaths. Sex-specific data focused on CVD has been increasing steadily, yet is not routinely collected nor translated into practice. This comprehensive review focuses on novel and unique aspects of cardiovascular health in women and sex-differences as they relate to clinical practice in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of CVD. This review also provides current approaches to the evaluation and treatment of acute coronary syndromes that are more prevalent in women, including: myocardial infarction associated with non-obstructive coronary arteries, spontaneous coronary artery dissection, and stress-induced cardiomyopathy (Takotsubo Syndrome). Other CVD entities with higher prevalence or unique considerations in women, such as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, peripheral arterial disease and abdominal aortic aneurysms, are also briefly reviewed. Lastly, recommendations for cardiac rehabilitation are addressed.

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Section: Nontraditional Ascvd Risk Factors In Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Disease in Women

García

Mulvagh

Merz

et al. 2016

Circulation Research

803

680

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Situations in which the risk of the disruption of this mechanism is increased, include periods in women's life when significant variations in the levels of sex hormones take place, such as puberty, pregnancy, and menopause [27]. The consequence is unresolved chronic inflammation which can lead to the development of ADs and the progression of other chronic inflammatory conditions.…”

Section: The Effects Of Sex Specific Differences In Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Cardiovascular Risk Marker May Be Less Efficient in Women Than in Men

et al. 2021

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women, although traditionally, it has been considered as a male dominated disease. Chronic inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of insulin resistance, diabetes type 2 and CVD. Since studies on women were scarce, in order to improve diagnosis and treatment of CVD, there is a need to improve understanding of the role of inflammation in the development of CVD in women. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an inexpensive and widely available marker of inflammation, and has been studied in cardio-metabolic disorders. There is a paucity of data on sex specific differences in the lifetime course of NLR. Men and women differ to each other in sex hormones and characteristics of immune reaction and the expression of CVD. These factors can determine NLR values and their variations along the life course. In particular, menopause in women is a period associated with profound physiological and hormonal changes, and is coincidental with aging. An emergence of CV risk factors with aging, and age-related changes in the immune system, are factors that are associated with an increase in prevalence of CVD in both sexes. The aim of this review is to comprehend the available evidence on this issue, and to discuss sex specific differences in the lifetime course of NLR in the light of immune and inflammation mechanisms.

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“…Many population studies attest the association between excess cardiovascular burden and systemic autoimmune diseases [57]. Little is known about the relationships between systemic autoimmune diseases and sex, but it has been proposed that the microvasculature may play an important role in the predisposition of women with autoimmune diseases to develop accelerated CVDs [58]. Since systemic autoimmune diseases are generally more prevalent among female subjects, they represent more common CVD risk factors in women compared to men [30,58].…”

Section: Menopausementioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics in cardiovascular diseases: Unveiling sex and gender differences in the era of precision medicine

Baetta

Pontremoli

Fernández

et al. 2018

Journal of Proteomics

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Increasing evidence supports the profound effect of sex and gender on cardiovascular physio-pathology and the response to drugs. A clear understanding of the mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphisms in CVDs would not only improve our knowledge of the etiology of these diseases, but could also inform health policy makers and guideline committees in tailoring specific interventions for the prevention, treatment and management of CVDs in both men and women.

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Cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases in females: The role of microvasculature and dysfunctional endothelium

Cited by 26 publications

References 62 publications

Cardiovascular Disease in Women

Cardiovascular Disease in Women

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Cardiovascular Risk Marker May Be Less Efficient in Women Than in Men

Proteomics in cardiovascular diseases: Unveiling sex and gender differences in the era of precision medicine

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