Cardiotoxicity Induced by Dietary Oxidized Sunflower Oil in Rats: Pro- and Antioxidant Effects of α-Tocopherol

Abstract

This study highlighted the pro-oxidative functions of α-tocopherol (αT) on the heart antioxidant system and tissue histopathology of oxidized sunflower oil (OSO)-exposed rats.Four groups of male Wistar rats were fed with different diets: 1) control diet containing FSO (fresh sunflower oil); 2) diet containing 5 % OSO; 3) diet containing 5 % OSO, supplemented with 600 mg αT kg-1; and 4) diet containing 5 % OSO, supplemented with 1200 mg αT kg-1. The hearts were then isolated, and the antioxidant enzymatic activities were assessed. Body weight and catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities significantly decreased in groups fed with OSO, while the lipid peroxidation (LPO) level significantly increased. Administration of OSO with αT (600 mg · kg-1) returned the body weight values and LPO levels to similar values as the control group. The CAT and GPx activities increased but remained significantly lower compared to the control group. In the OSO group with αT (1200 mg · kg-1), the CAT and GPx activities also decreased, while LPO significantly increased. Heart tissue sections obtained from the groups revealed the presence of large areas of necrosis. This study suggested that OSO induced oxidative stress and that administration of a moderate dose of αT restored the antioxidant balance, but that high levels of αT supplementation result in a pro-oxidant effect.

Antioxidant therapy for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: Does it work?

“…According to [206] , vitamin E, vitamin C and lipoic acid protect the arachidonic acid level in the brains of diabetic and non-diabetic rats. However, when a combination of high doses of vitamin E with oxidized sunflower oil is used, this vitamin presents pro-oxidant action [207] .…”

The Effects of Heated Oils Used in Fast Food Restaurants on Metabolic, Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers, Blood Pressure, and Liver Histology in Sprague-Dawley Rats

“…During the heating process, reactive oxygen species, such as hydroperoxides, are produced (26) and cause oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity (27,28). The MDA is one of the end products of lipid peroxidation that is considered as an index for cell damage (29).…”

Potential adverse health effects of dietary lipid oxidation products

“…Indeed, consumption of oxidized rapeseed oil for 112 days induced transient myocardial lipidosis characterized by accumulation of fat droplets in myocardial fibers of rats (Charlton et al, 1975). Rouaki et al (2013) reported that dietary oxidized sunflower oil induced extensive necrosis of heart tissue, increased body weight and LPO levels, and decreased catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidases (GPx) activities in rats. Again, other studies found that dietary heated palm oil diet for 16 weeks significantly increased the myofiber width and area, and induced necrosis in cardiac tissue of rats (Kamisah et al, 2016;Leong et al, 2008).…”