Cardiorespiratory responses during three repeated incremental exercise tests in sickle cell trait carriers

Marlin, Laurent; Connes, Philippe; Antoine‐Jonville, Sophie; Tripette, Julien; Mona, Montout-Hedreville; Sanouiller, Alain; Etienne‐Julan, Maryse; Hue, Olivier

doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0570-0

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…10,13,[27][28][29][30][31] In contrast, our results do not demonstrate differences in baseline or longitudinal changes in fitness by SCT status, which is consistent with other studies that have also shown no difference in maximal oxygen uptake or key determinants of fitness, including lactate production and ventilatory threshold, in individuals with and without SCT. [32][33][34][35] We also found no difference in autonomic nervous system function by SCT status, using our measure of heart rate recovery after exercise. However, variability in methodology used to define fitness and autonomic nervous system function may explain discrepancies in findings across studies.…”

supporting

confidence: 47%

Association among sickle cell trait, fitness, and cardiovascular risk factors in CARDIA

Liem

Chan

et al. 2017

Blood

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Key Points• SCT status is not significantly associated with longitudinal changes in fitness among African Americans.• SCT status is not an independent risk factor for hypertension, diabetes, or metabolic syndrome among African Americans.The contribution of sickle cell trait (SCT) to racial disparities in cardiopulmonary fitness is not known, despite concerns that SCT is associated with exertion-related sudden death. We evaluated the association of SCT status with cross-sectional and longitudinal changes in fitness and risk for hypertension, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome over the course of 25 years among 1995 African Americans (56% women, 18-30 years old) in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Overall, the prevalence of SCT was 6.8% (136/1995) in CARDIA, and over the course of 25 years, 46% (738/1590), 18% (288/1631), and 40% (645/1,611) of all participants developed hypertension, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, respectively. Compared with participants without SCT, participants with SCT had similar baseline measures of fitness in cross-section, including exercise duration (535 vs 540 seconds; P 5 .62), estimated metabolic equivalent of tasks (METs; 11.6 vs 11.7; P 5 .80), maximum heart rate (174 vs 175 beats/min; P 5 .41), and heart rate at 2 minutes recovery (44 vs 43 beats/min; P 5 .28). In our secondary analysis, there was neither an association of SCT status with longitudinal changes in fitness nor an association with development of hypertension, diabetes, or metabolic syndrome after adjustment for sex, baseline age, body mass index, fitness, and physical activity. SCT is not associated with reduced fitness in this longitudinal study of young African American adults, suggesting the increased risk for exertion-related sudden death in SCT carriers is unlikely related to fitness. SCT status also is not an independent risk factor for developing hypertension, diabetes, or metabolic syndrome. (Blood. 2017;129(6):723-728) IntroductionSickle cell trait (SCT) is caused by the inheritance of a single copy of the variant b globin gene, which results in production of abnormal sickle hemoglobin. The coinheritance of 2 copies of the abnormal gene results in sickle cell anemia (SCA), a clinically significant blood disorder seen primarily among individuals of African or Afro-Caribbean descent. Historically, SCT, which is observed in 8% of the African American population in the United States, has been considered a clinically benign condition. Recent studies, however, suggest SCT may confer a higher risk for chronic kidney disease, thrombosis, stroke, and pregnancy-related complications in its carriers.1-6 Importantly, there is growing concern SCT may be associated with sudden death during strenuous physical activity and exercise, leading to the National College Athletics Association to mandate carrier status testing among all student athletes in division I institutions in 2010, and later in all division II and III institutions. [7][8][9] Growing evidence suggests SCT carriers may exh...

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supporting

confidence: 47%

Association among sickle cell trait, fitness, and cardiovascular risk factors in CARDIA

Liem

Chan

et al. 2017

Blood

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“…27 Similarly, several studies using incremental maximum exercise demonstrated no difference between SCT carriers and normal controls in regard to VO 2max , ventilatory threshold, or hemodynamic parameters. [28][29][30][31] Despite such experimental evidence for normal fitness levels of SCT carriers, some authors believe that SCT carriers might be hindered from highly competitive sports. Le Gallais et al observed no SCT carriers among Abidjan halfmarathoners.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Effects of <sup>–3.7</sup>α Deletion and Sickle-Cell Trait on Ventilatory and Hemodynamic Responses to Maximum Exercise in Young Saudi Females</p>

Asoom

Makhaita

Rafique

et al. 2020

JBM

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Introduction: Hemoglobinopathies are common disorders in Saudi Arabia and have an impact on the general health of the affected individuals. The current study aimed to find out the effects of the presence of α 3.7 kb rightward deletion or sickle-cell trait (SCT) on ventilatory and hemodynamic parameters of maximum exercise testing in young Saudi women. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 75 randomly selected female students from different colleges were tested for VO 2max using a COSMED system for maximum exercise testing. Blood parameters and globin genotyping were determined. Results: Hemoglobin genetic studies revealed 28 of the students had 3.7 α-globin deletion only (−3.7 α 2 /α 1 α 2), five had SCT, and 42 had normal α-globin (α 1 α 2 /α 1 α 2 and no HbS) and were considered the control group. Subjects with −3.7 α 2 /α 1 α 2 showed significantly lower VO 2max and higher resting systolic blood pressure, while SCT carriers showed no difference in regard to ventilatory parameters, but had higher post-exercise systolic blood pressure than controls. Conclusion: It is concluded that individuals with 3.7 α-globin deletion might have lower fitness capacity, as demonstrated by lower VO 2max , which might explain the general lower VO 2max in the young women of this population. Furthermore, increments in resting systolic and posteexercise systolic blood pressure in 3.7 α-globin deletion and SCT, respectively, might indicate a future risk of cardiovascular diseases and require attention and extensive studies.

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“…Comparisons of V02max (gold standard for aerobic fitness) between SCT carriers and non-SCT controls yielded no differences (62,75,77), even under acute mild, moderate, or severe hypoxic conditions (63,(97)(98)(99). When SCT carriers and non-SCT controls were compared on other criteria of aerobic fitness (ventilatory threshold and lactate threshold), no differences existed between the two populations (39,60,66). Similarly, when SCT carriers and controls repeated three incremental exercise bouts to exhaustion, interspaced with 10 min of recovery, no differences in any cardiorespiratory parameters were detected (60).…”

Section: Athletic Performance With Sctmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…When SCT carriers and non-SCT controls were compared on other criteria of aerobic fitness (ventilatory threshold and lactate threshold), no differences existed between the two populations (39,60,66). Similarly, when SCT carriers and controls repeated three incremental exercise bouts to exhaustion, interspaced with 10 min of recovery, no differences in any cardiorespiratory parameters were detected (60). However, Vincent et al (94) found lower cytochrome C oxidase activity in muscle fibers from SCT carriers relative to controls, which could limit oxidative energy metabolism and lower aerobic capacity in this population (23).…”

Section: Athletic Performance With Sctmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACSM and CHAMP Summit on Sickle Cell Trait

O’Connor

Bergeron²,

Cantrell

et al. 2012

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Cardiorespiratory responses during three repeated incremental exercise tests in sickle cell trait carriers

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Association among sickle cell trait, fitness, and cardiovascular risk factors in CARDIA

Association among sickle cell trait, fitness, and cardiovascular risk factors in CARDIA

<p>Effects of <sup>–3.7</sup>α Deletion and Sickle-Cell Trait on Ventilatory and Hemodynamic Responses to Maximum Exercise in Young Saudi Females</p>

ACSM and CHAMP Summit on Sickle Cell Trait

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