Cardiorespiratory performance and physical activity in normal weight and overweight Finnish adolescents from 2003 to 2010

Palomäki, Sanna; Heikinaro-Johansson, Pilvikki; Huotari, Pertti

doi:10.1080/02640414.2014.951874

Cited by 15 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The same type of PA index has been utilized also in previous research concerning cardiovascular performance within normal and overweight adolescents. 25 For the second research task of this study, PA index was recoded into tertiles representing students to have low, average, or high PA index.…”

Section: Assessment Of Pamentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental movement skills in adolescents: Secular trends from 2003 to 2010 and associations with physical activity and BMI

Huotari

Heikinaro-Johansson

Watt

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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The aim of this study was to examine the secular trends in fundamental movement skills (FMS) among 15- to 16-year-old adolescents at 2 assessment points scheduled in 2003 and 2010 and to investigate the associations between FMS, physical activity (PA), and body mass index (BMI). In 2003, self-reported PA, weight and height, and objective FMS scores were collected from 2390 students, and in 2010, similar data were generated from a second sample of 1346 students. FMS were assessed during both assessment phases using 3 identical objective FMS tests that were figure 8 dribbling, jumping laterally, and coordination track tests. This study indicated that the sum index of FMS did not change among the boys and the girls between 2 data collection points. However, findings demonstrated a secular decline in coordination test scores in both gender groups between 2 measurement points but an improvement in girls' object control skills between 2003 and 2010. The results also showed that FMS had a significant main effect on BMI in both gender groups, whereas the main effect of PA on BMI was not significant for either gender group. Results also demonstrated that there was no significant interaction effect between FMS and PA on BMI in either of the girls' or the boys' groups.

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Section: Assessment Of Pamentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental movement skills in adolescents: Secular trends from 2003 to 2010 and associations with physical activity and BMI

Huotari

Heikinaro-Johansson

Watt

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…The flow of search results through the systematic review process is shown in Figure 1. A detailed analysis of the 14 studies finally selected, showed that 3 (21.4%) were longitudinal studies (Aires et al, 2012;Baranowski et al, 2013, Palomäki et al, 2015 and 11 (78.5%) were cross-sectional studies (Aires et al, 2010;Antunes et al, 2015;Artero et al, 2010;Botelho et al, 2013;Chen, Fox, Haase, & Wang, 2006;Chwałczyńska, Jędrzejewski, Socha, Jonak, & Sobiech, 2017;Fogelholm et al, 2008;Gulias-Gonzalez et al, 2014;Monyeki, Neetens, Moss, & Twisk, 2012;Okely, Booth, & Chey, 2004;Raistenskis et al, 2016). With regard to quality assessment, 10 papers had high quality and 4 had medium quality (see Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This review includes data from 36,660 individuals and the sample size of the studies varied from 111 (Aires et al, 2010) to 19,578 participants (Chen et al, 2006). The samples were from 9 different countries: 1 study was conducted in Australia (Okely et al, 2004), 1 in the USA (Baranowski et al, 2013), 1 in South Africa (Monyeki et al, 2012), 1 in Taiwan (Chen et al, 2006), 1 in Poland (Chwałczyńska et al, 2017), 1 in Lithuania (Raistenskis et al, 2016), 2 in Finland (Fogelholm et al, 2008;Palomäki et al, 2015), 2 in Spain (Artero et al, 2010; Gulias-Gonzalez et al, 2014), and 4 in Portugal (Aires et al, 2010Antunes et al, 2015;Botelho et al, 2013). Detailed information about all the studies is presented in Table 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twelve studies calculated the BMI using objective measures of weight and height, while in two studies these variables were self-reported (Fogelholm et al, 2008;Palomäki et al, 2015). To determine the weight status, 10 studies applied the IOTF standards, using some of the different versions (Cole, Bellizzi, Flegal, & Dietz, 2000;Cole & Lobstein, 2012), 2 studies (Baranowski et al, 2013;Botelho et al, 2013) used the CDC protocol (Kuczmarski et al, 2002), and 2 (Chwałczyńska et al, 2017; Raistenskis et al, 2016) used the WHO criteria (de Onis et al, 2007).…”

Section: Assessment Of Weight Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, it has been shown that an excess of weight can also influence PF test results (Antunes et al, 2015;Gulias-Gonzalez et al, 2014;Palomäki et al, 2015), and therefore, youth with higher body mass index (BMI) would be at a disadvantage compared to the rest of their peers. Despite the progressive increase in overweight and obesity in the last two decades (Ogden et al, 2016), physical fitness capacities are still compared to those of their normal weight counterparts (Morrow, Zhu, Franks, Meredith & Spain, 2009), with low equity results (Antunes et al, 2015;Gulias-Gonzalez et al, 2014;Palomäki et al, 2015) and negative consequences at a psychological level (Martínez-López, Grao-Cruces, Moral-García & de la Torre Cruz, 2013). In fact, overweight children and adolescents are sometimes underestimated by their lower physical performance and suffer from discriminatory attitudes by their peers (Puhl, Peterson & Luedicke, 2013) and their physical education (PE) teachers (Martínez-López, Zamora-Aguilera, Grao-Cruces, & de la Torre Cruz, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2018

JPES

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The aim of this study was to investigate through a systematic review the possible influence of excess weight on physical fitness test results carried out by adolescents in physical education classes, taking into account potential confounders. Fourteen studies were identified in four databases (PubMed, SportDiscus, Web of Science, and SCOPUS) from January 2000 through to April 2018. Titles and abstracts were reviewed to determine whether the studies met the inclusion criteria. The quality of the reporting of the measures was assessed using a tailored list. Four studies were longitudinal and nine used a cross-sectional design. Overweight and obese youth were associated with lower cardiorespiratory fitness and motor fitness than their normal weight peers in 10 and 7 studies, respectively. Likewise, overweight and obesity impair performance in muscular fitness tests where body weight acted as ballast (i.e. standing long jump or abdominal tests), while the relationship with regard to other muscular fitness tests (i.e. handgrip) and flexibility (sit and reach) has been less studied and the results show no association. Conclusively, in adolescents, excess weight negatively influences cardiorespiratory fitness, motor fitness, and muscular tests that involve mobilizing body weight.

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An Update on Secular Trends in Physical Fitness of Children and Adolescents from 1972 to 2015: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Background There is evidence that physical fitness of children and adolescents (particularly cardiorespiratory endurance) has declined globally over the past decades. Ever since the first reports on negative trends in physical fitness, efforts have been undertaken by for instance the World Health Organization (WHO) to promote physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents. Therefore, it is timely to re-analyze the literature to examine whether previous reports on secular declines in physical fitness are still detectable or whether they need to be updated. Objectives The objective of this systematic review is to provide an ‘update’ on secular trends in selected components of physical fitness (i.e., cardiorespiratory endurance, relative muscle strength, proxies of muscle power, speed) in children and adolescents aged 6–18 years. Data Sources A systematic computerized literature search was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science to locate studies that explicitly reported secular trends in physical fitness of children and adolescents. Study Eligibility Criteria Studies were included in this systematic review if they examined secular trends between at least two time points across a minimum of 5 years. In addition, they had to document secular trends in any measure of cardiorespiratory endurance, relative muscle strength, proxies of muscle power or speed in apparently healthy children and adolescents aged 6–18 years. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods The included studies were coded for the following criteria: nation, physical fitness component (cardiorespiratory endurance, relative muscle strength, proxies of muscle power, speed), chronological age, sex (boys vs. girls), and year of assessment. Scores were standardized (i.e., converted to z scores) with sample-weighted means and standard deviations, pooled across sex and year of assessment within cells defined by study, test, and children’s age. Results The original search identified 524 hits. In the end, 22 studies met the inclusion criteria for review. The observation period was between 1972 and 2015. Fifteen of the 22 studies used tests for cardiorespiratory endurance, eight for relative muscle strength, eleven for proxies of muscle power, and eight for speed. Measures of cardiorespiratory endurance exhibited a large initial increase and an equally large subsequent decrease, but the decrease appears to have reached a floor for all children between 2010 and 2015. Measures of relative muscle strength showed a general trend towards a small increase. Measures of proxies of muscle power indicated an overall small negative quadratic trend. For measures of speed, a small-to-medium increase was observed in recent years. Limitations Biological maturity was not considered in the analysis because biological maturity was not reported in most included studies. Conclusions Negative secular trends were particularly found for cardiorespiratory endurance between 1986 and 2010–12, irrespective of sex. Relative muscle strength and speed showed small increases while proxies of muscle power declined. Although the negative trend in cardiorespiratory endurance appears to have reached a floor in recent years, because of its association with markers of health, we recommend further initiatives in PA and fitness promotion for children and adolescents. More specifically, public health efforts should focus on exercise that increases cardiorespiratory endurance to prevent adverse health effects (i.e., overweight and obesity) and muscle strength to lay a foundation for motor skill learning.

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Cardiorespiratory performance and physical activity in normal weight and overweight Finnish adolescents from 2003 to 2010

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Fundamental movement skills in adolescents: Secular trends from 2003 to 2010 and associations with physical activity and BMI

Fundamental movement skills in adolescents: Secular trends from 2003 to 2010 and associations with physical activity and BMI

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An Update on Secular Trends in Physical Fitness of Children and Adolescents from 1972 to 2015: A Systematic Review

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