Cardiorespiratory Function in Competitive Endurance Runners Aged 12‐16 Years Compared With Ordinary Boys

Sundberg, S.; Elovainio, R.

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1982.tb09561.x

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Sundberg, Elovainio 26 found similar results in a cross‐sectional study on 12‐, 14‐ and 16‐year‐old boys, when comparing runners to a control group. The runners had lower BM at age 12 and lower %FM and higher VO 2max relative to body mass at all ages.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…From previous studies, it seems most likely that the difference is due to the pumping capacity of the heart. 25 Sundberg, Elovainio 26 found similar results in a cross-sectional study on 12-, 14-and 16-year-old boys, when comparing runners to a control group. The runners had lower BM at age 12 and lower %FM and higher VO 2max relative to body mass at all ages.…”

Section: Vo 2maxmentioning

confidence: 58%

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Longitudinal changes in maximal oxygen uptake in adolescent girls and boys with different training backgrounds

Landgraff

Riiser

Lihagen

et al. 2021

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of high‐volume endurance training on the development of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in physically active boys and girls between the ages of 12 and 15 years, using a longitudinal design. The children participated in organized training in sports clubs for an average of 7‐10 hours per week, with one group undertaking a high volume of endurance training (~7 hours per week; End boys, n = 23 and End girls, n = 17) and the other group having a primary focus on technical and tactical skill development, undertaking low volumes of endurance training (~1.6 hours per week; non‐End boys, n = 29 and non‐End girls, n = 9). VO2max and anthropometrics were assessed at age 12, 13, and 15. At age 12, VO2max was 58.9 (5.6), 65.5 (7.2), 56.5 (6.5), and 58.8 (7.9) mL·kg−1·min−1 in End girls, End boys, non‐End girls, and non‐End boys, respectively. Over the three years, there was no difference between the training groups in the development of VO2max independent of scaling. In boys, VO2max relative to body mass (BM) did not change from age 12 to 15, while VO2max tended to decrease relative to fat‐free mass (FFM). In girls, VO2max relative to BM decreased slightly from age 12 to 15, with no changes over the years relative to FFM. The present longitudinal study suggests that in growing active children during puberty, high volumes of systematic endurance training do not have an additional effect on VO2max compared with similar volume of training mainly aiming at developing motor skills.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Vo 2maxmentioning

confidence: 58%

Longitudinal changes in maximal oxygen uptake in adolescent girls and boys with different training backgrounds

Landgraff

Riiser

Lihagen

et al. 2021

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the literature, the beneficial "fitness effect" on MFVL in children is not clearly established. Studies have suggested that long-term swim training could improve lung volume or even maximal expiratory flows (3,9,37,38), whereas fitness effect on MFVL function in land-based activities is still a matter of debate (14,16,34). In our study, 8 trained children of 13 were enrolled in competitive aquatic activities (swimming and swimming with flippers), which could explain partly the difference between both groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Exercise flow-volume loops in prepubescent aerobically trained children

Nourry¹,

Deruelle²,

Fabre³

et al. 2005

Journal of Applied Physiology

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We studied mechanical ventilatory constraints in 13 aerobically trained (Tr) and 11 untrained (UT) prepubescent children by plotting the exercise flow-volume (F-V) loops within the maximal F-V loop (MFVL) measured at rest. The MFVL allowed to determine forced vital capacity (FVC) and maximal expiratory flows. Expiratory and inspiratory reserve volumes relative to FVC (ERV/FVC and IRV/FVC, respectively) were measured during a progressive exercise test until exhaustion. Breathing reserve (BR) and expiratory flow limitation (expFL), expressed in percentage of tidal volume (V(T)) and defined as the part of the tidal breath meeting the boundary of the MFVL, were measured. Higher FVC and maximal expiratory flows were found in Tr than UT (P < 0.05) at rest. Our results have shown that during exercise, excepting one subject, all Tr regulated their V(T) within FVC similarly during exercise, by breathing at low lung volume at the beginning of exercise followed breathing at high lung volume at strenuous exercise. In UT, ERV/FVC and IRV/FVC were regulated during exercise in many ways. The proportion of children who presented an expFL was nearly the same in both groups (approximately 70% with a range of 14 to 65% of V(T)), and no significant difference was found during exercise concerning expFL. However, higher ventilation (V(E)), ERV/FVC, and dyspnea associated with lower BR, IRV/FVC, and SaO2 were reported at peak power in Tr than UT (P < 0.05). These results suggest that, because of their higher Ve level, trained children presented higher ventilatory constraints than untrained. These may influence negatively the SaO2 level and dyspnea during strenuous exercise.

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“…Transversal studies have been reported in young athletes (Sundberg and Elovainio 1982;Vaccaro and Poffenbarger 1982) but they have not demonstrated any significant difference in resting FEV 1 between well-trained children and non-athletic controls. This discrepancy with the results of the present study could be due to the fact that the stimulus on respiratory muscles during training was likely higher than in the previous studies in which training was nonindividualised and continuous.…”

Section: Effect Of Training On Pulmonary-function Testmentioning

confidence: 94%

High-intensity intermittent running training improves pulmonary function and alters exercise breathing pattern in children

et al. 2005

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We investigated the effects of short duration running training on resting and exercise lung function in healthy prepubescent children. One trained group (TrG) (n = 9; three girls and six boys; age = 9.7 +/- 0.9 year) participated in 8 weeks of high-intensity intermittent running training and was compared to a control group (ContG) (n = 9; four girls and five boys; age = 10.3 +/- 0.7 year). Before and after the 8-week period, the children performed pulmonary function tests and an incremental exercise test on a cycle ergometer. After the 8-week period, no change was found in pulmonary function in ContG. Conversely, an increase in forced vital capacity (FVC) (+7 +/- 4% ; P = 0.026), forced expiratory volume in one second (+11 +/- 6% ; P = 0.025), peak expiratory flows (+17 +/- 4% ; P = 0.005), maximal expiratory flows at 50% (+16 +/- 10% ; P = 0.019) and 75% (+15 +/- 8% ; P = 0.006) of FVC were reported in TrG. At peak exercise, TrG displayed higher values of peak oxygen consumption (+15 +/- 4% ; P < 0.001), minute ventilation (+16 +/- 5% ; P = 0.033) and tidal volume (+15 +/- 5% ; P = 0.019) after training. At sub-maximal exercise, ventilatory response to exercise DeltaV(E)/DeltaV(CO(2)) was lower (P = 0.017) in TrG after training, associated with reduced end-tidal partial oxygen pressure (P < 0.05) and higher end-tidal partial carbon dioxide pressure (P = 0.026). Lower deadspace volume relative to tidal volume was found at each stage of exercise in TrG after training (P < 0.05). Eight weeks of high-intensity intermittent running training enhanced resting pulmonary function and led to deeper exercise ventilation reflecting a better effectiveness in prepubescent children.

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Cardiorespiratory Function in Competitive Endurance Runners Aged 12‐16 Years Compared With Ordinary Boys

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

Longitudinal changes in maximal oxygen uptake in adolescent girls and boys with different training backgrounds

Longitudinal changes in maximal oxygen uptake in adolescent girls and boys with different training backgrounds

Exercise flow-volume loops in prepubescent aerobically trained children

High-intensity intermittent running training improves pulmonary function and alters exercise breathing pattern in children

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