Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cognitive Function are Positively Related Among Participants with Mild and Subjective Cognitive Impairment

Abstract

These findings suggest that during the earliest stages of cognitive impairment PA and exercise capacity might present a marker for the risk of further cognitive decline. This finding warrants further investigation using longitudinal cohort studies.

Associations of Lipophilic Micronutrients with Physical and Cognitive Fitness in Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment

“…All participants were recruited through the NeuroExercise Project [13,14], a multi-centered randomized controlled trial of exercise therapy in persons with MCI according to Albert et al [15] across three European countries [13]. For the purpose of the present sub-study, the participants were recruited in Germany at the German Sport University (GSU).…”

“…Participants were included if the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) [16] scored ranged between 18 and 26; if they had a stable medical condition for more than 6 months and stable medication for more than 3 months; adequate visual and auditory acuity to complete neuropsychological testing, electrocardiogram without significant abnormalities that might interfere with the study; physical ability sufficient to allow performance of endurance exercise training; capacity to provide written and dated informed consent form, as well as having complete physical examination including a symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test. To distinguish between amnestic and non-amnestic MCI, agreed education adjusted cut-offs of −2 Standard Deviation (SD) for low education (<10 years of education), −1.5 SD for the middle group (10–13 years of education), and −1 SD for the highly educated (>13 years of education) were derived from the delayed recall portion of the age-adjusted delayed memory index of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) [17] (Score of < 85) as previously described [13,14].…”

“…After signing informed consent and passing the eligibility criteria, all participants underwent baseline assessment, including collection of history and lifestyle habits, neuropsychological testing, testing of general physical and cardiovascular performance. Participants were then randomly allocated to one of the three interventions (aerobic vs. stretching and toning 3 × 45 min exercise sessions per week over 12 months vs. usual care without exercise counseling) as described before [13,14].…”

Die Effekte von verschiedenen körperlichen Belastungsmodalitäten auf die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit bei Parkinson

“…Anhand von vorherigen Studien kann gemutmaßt werden, dass stärker Betroffene sozial zurückgezogener leben und eine geringere körperliche Fitness besitzen als weniger stark erkrankte Personen [35,36]. Da sowohl die soziale Interaktion als auch die körperliche Fitness durch ein angeleitetes Sporttraining gefördert werden, ist es denkbar, dass besonders stärker Betroffene von einem gezielten Sporttraining profitieren können.…”

Modelling Modifiable Predictors of Age-Related Cognitive Decline: Exercise, Aortic Stiffness, and the Importance of Physical Fitness

“…Large population studies have found that, along with hearing loss, inactivity and low levels of physical fitness are the predominant modifiable lifestyle factors associated with increased rates of dementia, exceeding other primary areas of focus such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking [21,22]. In an older cohort, individuals with the most cognitive impairment were found to have the lowest levels of cardio-respiratory fitness and least engagement in physical activity [23]. A meta-analysis of MRI studies also concluded that, although the effect sizes were small, lower levels of physical fitness and activity are associated with lower white matter volume, and increased white matter lesion volume and severity [24].…”