Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Bone Turnover Markers in Adults With Metabolic Syndrome: The Mediator Role of Inflammation

Gil-Cosano, José J.; Gracia‐Marco, Luis; Courteix, Daniel; Lesourd, B.; Chapier, Robert; Obert, Philippe; Walther, Guillaume; Vinet, Agnès; Torgerson, David; Muñóz-Torres, Manuel; Ugbolue, Ukadike C.; Bagheri, Reza; Žák, Marek; Dutheil, Frédéric; Ubago‐Guisado, Esther

doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2022-0109

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, positive relationships have already been demonstrated in skeletal systems, with increased cardiorespiratory fitness [ 44 ], reduced body fat [ 45 ], improved functionality through increased handgrip strength [ 46 ], and through glycemic control [ 47 ]. All of these data corroborate the results presented in our study, which, in a unified way, can justify the improvements in bone mass obtained after eight weeks of EH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that a pro-inflammatory state, common in patients with T2DM due to hyperglycemia [ 48 ], is an important determinant of reduced bone quality. On the other hand, an inverse relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and inflammatory markers was described in adults with metabolic syndrome [ 44 ]. Furthermore, it has been shown that reductions in BMI, body fat, and HbA1c may reduce bone resorption activity, while cardiorespiratory fitness may increase bone formation activity in patients with T2DM [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, EH’s benefits may occur with simulated altitudes over 3000 m [ 30 ]. Improvements in both the glycemic profile and VO 2peak seem to influence improvements in bone metabolism in patients with T2DM [ 44 ]. Many physiological aspects obtained with EH can also play an important role in the skeletal system [ 66 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eight Weeks of Intermittent Exercise in Hypoxia, with or without a Low-Carbohydrate Diet, Improves Bone Mass and Functional and Physiological Capacity in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Kindlovits,

Sousa,

Viana

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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In an increasingly aging and overweight population, osteoporosis and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are major public health concerns. T2DM patients experience prejudicial effects on their bone health, affecting their physical capacity. Exercise in hypoxia (EH) and a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) have been suggested for therapeutic benefits in T2DM, improving bone mineral content (BMC) and glycemic control. This study investigated the effects of EH combined with an LCD on body composition and functional and physiologic capacity in T2DM patients. Older T2DM patients (n = 42) were randomly assigned to the following groups: (1) control group: control diet + exercise in normoxia; (2) EH group: control diet + EH; (3) intervention group: LCD + EH. Cardiopulmonary tests (BRUCE protocol), body composition (DEXA), and functional capacity (6MWT, handgrip strength) were evaluated. Body mass index (kg/m2) and body fat (%) decreased in all groups (p < 0.001). BMC (kg) increased in all groups (p < 0.001) and was significantly higher in the EH and EH + LCD groups (p < 0.001). VO2peak improved in all groups (p < 0.001), but more so in the hypoxia groups (p = 0.019). Functional capacity was increased in all groups (p < 0.001), but more so in the EH group in 6MWT (p = 0.030). EH with and without an LCD is a therapeutic strategy for improving bone mass in T2DM, which is associated with cardiorespiratory and functional improvements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Eight Weeks of Intermittent Exercise in Hypoxia, with or without a Low-Carbohydrate Diet, Improves Bone Mass and Functional and Physiological Capacity in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Kindlovits,

Sousa,

Viana

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…Obesity is linked to chronic low-grade inflammation, which can lead to metabolic dysfunction and related diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD) [ 1 , 2 ]. Adipose tissue produces adipokines, which can have pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of 12 Weeks of Concurrent and Combined Training on Inflammatory Markers, Muscular Performance, and Body Composition in Middle-Aged Overweight and Obese Males

et al. 2023

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Aim: Previous studies have focused on the order of endurance and resistance training when performing concurrent training (CT). However, no study has compared the effects of combined training with CT orders on inflammatory markers, muscular performance, and body composition in overweight and obese males. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to compare the effects of 12 weeks of CT and combined training on the aforementioned markers in overweight and obese males. Methods: Sixty middle-aged overweight and obese males (age 51 ± 4 years) were randomly assigned into one of four groups: endurance followed by resistance training (ER; n = 15), resistance followed by endurance training (RE; n = 15), combined resistance and endurance training (COM), or control (CON; n = 15). Anthropometric, body composition, inflammatory marker, and muscular performance measurements were collected at baseline and after 12 weeks. Results: FFM remained unchanged in all three intervention groups (p > 0.05). Reductions in FM in the RE group were significantly greater than in CON (p = 0.038). The increases in serum concentrations of adiponectin in the RE group were significantly greater than in all other groups (p < 0.05). Increased serum concentrations of CTRP3 in all intervention groups were significantly greater than the CON group (p < 0.05); moreover, the increases in the RE group were significantly greater than CON (p < 0.001). Regarding CTRP5, the increase in RE was significantly greater than COM (p = 0.014). The RE group experienced significantly greater increases in CTRP9 than all other groups (p < 0.05), and the decreases in serum concentrations of CRP and TNF-α were significantly greater in the RE group compared to CON and ER (p < 0.05). Vo2max in the ER group was significantly greater than COM (p = 0.009), and all interventions resulted in higher gains compared to CON (p < 0.05). The increases in leg press strength, chest press strength, lower-body power, and upper-body power in the RE group were significantly greater than in the COM group (p < 0.05). In addition, the increases in chest press strength in the ER group were significantly greater than COM (p = 0.023). Conclusions: Regardless of training order, CT improved inflammatory markers, body composition, power, and VO2max. Notably, our analysis indicated significantly greater improvements in adiponectin, CTRP5, CTRP9, CRP, and TNF-α levels when RT preceded ET in CT sessions compared to other exercise training sequences. These findings suggested that the order of exercise training may have a significant impact on the effectiveness of CT on inflammatory markers, which has potential implications for exercise prescription and optimization of health-related training outcomes.

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“…To reduce these risk factors, physical activity is needed to improve cardiorespiratory function, strengthen muscles and bones, reduce body fat, maintain body weight, and even reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression. Physical activity will enhance cardiorespiratory fitness which can also boost anti-inflammatory factors that have an effect on increasing bone mineralization (Gil-Cosano et al, 2023;Wainstein et al, 2016). Parents rarely realise the importance of being aware of their child bone health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Intensity Exercises On Bone Structure of Young Male Wistar Rats

Salim,

Goenawan,

Kastella

et al. 2023

J. pendidik. jasmani olahraga

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Many adolescents have insufficient physical activity. Regular physical activity from young age can improve health and fitness. Getting regular exercise and eating healthy diet should be encouraged among kids and teenagers to prevent various diseases in adulthood and old age, such as osteoporosis and fractures. When exercising, a prescription is needed that is tailored to each individual abilities. The intensity of exercise will be different for each individual in accordance with their age, physiological function, genetics, economic status, and previous comorbid diseases. There is no standardised exercise prescription proven to increase bone mineral density in adolescents. Based on the above description, a study was conducted on the provision of different intensity exercise and its effect on bone morphology and density. In this study, male Wistar rats, aged 15–16 weeks (body weight ± 250-350 grams; n = 20), were split into 4 groups, namely control group, low intensity exercise group, moderate intensity exercise group, and high intensity exercise group. All groups were receiving intervention for 8 weeks. Then, the rats were sacrificed and the femoral bones were isolated. Femur weight and femur length was checked. Bone density was examined using X-Ray and calculated by statistical tests. Research was conducted in the Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran. There were significant differences of femur weight between high intensity exercise group and control and low intensity exercise groups (p 0.05). Moderate and high intensity exercises significantly increased femur length as opposed to control and low intensity exercise groups (p 0.05). Bone density was higher in moderate and high intensity exercise groups (p 0.05). Moderate to high intensity exercise can increase bone health, seen from significances of bone morphology analysis and a higher density compared to low intensity exercise.

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Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Bone Turnover Markers in Adults With Metabolic Syndrome: The Mediator Role of Inflammation

Cited by 3 publications

References 37 publications

Eight Weeks of Intermittent Exercise in Hypoxia, with or without a Low-Carbohydrate Diet, Improves Bone Mass and Functional and Physiological Capacity in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Eight Weeks of Intermittent Exercise in Hypoxia, with or without a Low-Carbohydrate Diet, Improves Bone Mass and Functional and Physiological Capacity in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

The Effects of 12 Weeks of Concurrent and Combined Training on Inflammatory Markers, Muscular Performance, and Body Composition in Middle-Aged Overweight and Obese Males

Effects of Different Intensity Exercises On Bone Structure of Young Male Wistar Rats

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