Cardiopulmonary System Models

Kline, Jacob

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-415145-1.50030-x

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…SMP materials could be used in a variety of different medical devices and diagnostic products as deployable elements of implants from vascular grafts to components of cardiac pacemakers and artificial hearts [13,14]. Present memory metals such as NiTi are being used as components of different devices and provide a means of inserting a thin, wire-like device contained in a needle-like casing through a small incision.…”

Section: Medical Applications Of Smpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical applications of shape memory polymers

et al. 2007

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Shape memory polymers (SMP) are lightweight, have a high strain/shape recovery ability, are easy to process, and required properties can be tailored for variety of applications. Recently a number of medical applications have been considered and investigated, especially for polyurethane-based SMP. SMP materials were found to be biocompatible, non-toxic and non-mutagenic. The glass transition temperature (T(g)) can be tailored for shape restoration/self-deployment of clinical devices when inserted in the human body. Newly developed SMP foams, together with cold hibernated elastic memory (CHEM) processing, further broaden their potential biomedical applications. Polyurethane-based SMP are described here and major advantages are identified over other medical materials. Some SMP applications are already used in a clinical setting, whereas others are still in development. Lately, several important applications are being considered for CHEM foams as self-deployable vascular and coronary devices. One example is the endovascular treatment of aneurysms.

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Section: Medical Applications Of Smpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical applications of shape memory polymers

et al. 2007

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“…1 depicts a block diagram of a generic digital hearing aid. The challenge is, designing an effective DSP while not exceeding a power budget that allows reasonable battery life [5]. This work focusses on the noise reduction aspect of the DSP in order to suppress noise that maintains a relative constant SPL over time.…”

Section: Overview Of Digital Hearing Aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incoming acoustic waves picked up the microphone are transformed into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is then converted to digital representation for further processing by the ADC [2], [3], [5]. The resulting signal is then processed by the DSP in which the signal undergoes different advanced signal processing such as noise reduction, adaptive filtering, acoustic feedback cancellation, and sound classification [5].…”

Section: Overview Of Digital Hearing Aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrical signal is then converted to digital representation for further processing by the ADC [2], [3], [5]. The resulting signal is then processed by the DSP in which the signal undergoes different advanced signal processing such as noise reduction, adaptive filtering, acoustic feedback cancellation, and sound classification [5]. Moreover, the processed signal is transformed into analogue electrical signal by the DAC whose output drives the power amplifier that feed the receiver which in turn converts the signal back to the sound [3].…”

Section: Overview Of Digital Hearing Aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is designed for the enhancement of speech intelligibility and for correcting impaired hearing as measured by the audiometry. There are two main types of hearing aids, namely, the analog and the digital types [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. The former operates by processing the electrical sound signal by simply amplifying both the desired speech as well as the noise signal [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance Improvement of Digital Hearing Aid Systems

Alimi

2015

JCTECS

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Abstract-Digital hearing aids addresses the issues of noise and speech intelligibility that is associated with the analogue types. One of the main functions of the digital signal processor (DSP) of digital hearing aid systems is noise reduction which can be achieved by speech enhancement algorithms which in turn improve system performance and flexibility. However, studies have shown that the quality of experience (QoE) with some of the current hearing aids is not up to expectation in a noisy environment due to interfering sound, background noise and reverberation. It is also suggested that noise reduction features of the DSP can be further improved accordingly. Recently, we proposed an adaptive spectral subtraction algorithm to enhance the performance of communication systems and address the issue of associated musical noise generated by the conventional spectral subtraction algorithm. The effectiveness of the algorithm has been confirmed by different objective and subjective evaluations. In this study, an adaptive spectral subtraction algorithm is implemented using the noise-estimation algorithm for highly non-stationary noisy environments instead of the voice activity detection (VAD) employed in our previous work due to its effectiveness. Also, signal to residual spectrum ratio (SR) is implemented in order to control the amplification distortion for speech intelligibility improvement. The results show that the proposed scheme gives comparatively better performance and can be easily employed in digital hearing aid system for improving speech quality and intelligibility.

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Single mullite nanoribbon as a glucose sensor

et al. 2006

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Mullite (2SiO(2).3Al(2)O(3)) nanoribbons, millimetres in length and with a high width-to-thickness ratio, were synthesized at temperatures as low as 1150 degrees C. This high ratio made it easy to fabricate a single nanoribbon sensor. The I-V relation of the sensor versus concentration of glucose was recorded with a pico-ammeter. The sensor shows good reproducibility and long-term stability. This single nanoribbon sensor may be used as an in situ monitor. The nanoribbons were also characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy.

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Cardiopulmonary System Models

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Medical applications of shape memory polymers

Medical applications of shape memory polymers

Performance Improvement of Digital Hearing Aid Systems

Single mullite nanoribbon as a glucose sensor

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